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关键词： 单克隆免疫球蛋白血症   临床意义   MGCS   MIg   MGUS  

摘要： 有临床意义的单克隆免疫球蛋白血症(monoclonal gammopathy of clinical significance,MGCS)是一组异质性疾病。其特征是患者体内存在单克隆B淋巴细胞/浆细胞,可能仅以血或尿中存在单克隆免疫球蛋白或其组分(轻链或重链)为特征,无法达到B细胞淋巴瘤或多发性骨髓瘤的诊断标准,既往被归类为意义未明的单克隆免疫球蛋白血症(monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance,MGUS)。因其产生的单克隆免疫球蛋白(monoclonal immunoglobulin,MIg)具有器官或组织“毒性”,从而导致终末器官功能损伤,具有明确的临床意义,因此定名为MGCS。MGCS的诊断需要同时存在特定的临床表现及MIg,且能够确定二者存在因果关系,同时需排除B细胞淋巴瘤及多发性骨髓瘤。目前,MGCS的主要治疗目标是“清除”产生MIg的单克隆B淋巴细胞/浆细胞以达到血液学缓解。针对免疫球蛋白以及相关补体和细胞因子的治疗已应用于特定的MGCS。

关键词： 慢性乙型肝炎   肝郁脾虚型   健脾化毒方   Peg-IFNα-2b   临床治愈  

摘要： 目的：观察健脾化毒方联合Peg-IFNα-2b治疗肝郁脾虚型乙肝优势人群的临床疗效和安全性，以期为乙肝临床治愈优势人群的治疗提供更多思路与方法。方法：选符合慢乙肝临床治愈优势患者诊断，证型为肝郁脾虚型的患者72例，观察组给予健脾化毒方+Peg-IFNα-2b联合治疗，对照组给予Peg-IFNα-2b治疗；记录治疗前后两组患者各症状积分、慢性肝病生活质量评分、T细胞亚群(CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+)、HBsAg等指标。结果：治疗前后观察组患者各临床症状、慢性肝病生活质量评分、T细胞亚群均较治疗前改善（P＜0.05），且观察组优于对照组（P＜0.05）；观察组HBsAg阴转率、HBsAg下降幅度均高于对照组（P＜0.05），治疗过程中未见安全性问题。结论：健脾化毒方联合Peg-IFNα-2b治疗方案可改善肝郁脾虚型慢乙肝临床治愈优势患者的临床症状，调节免疫功能，提高患者生活质量，提升HBsAg较基线水平的下降幅度，提高HBsAg阴转率，且安全可靠。

关键词： Chagas disease   Trypanosoma cruzi   rs2074192   rs180029  

摘要： Introduction Chagas Disease (CD) is caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi and is endemic to 21 Latin American countries. It is estimated that 6 to 7 million people in Latin America are infected. Clinical manifestations occur in two phases, acute and chronic. The chronic phase may present as indeterminate, cardiac, digestive, or mixed. Few studies have investigated why some infected individuals remain asymptomatic, while others develop more severe clinical forms of the disease. The present study aimed to evaluate the frequency of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ACE2 and TNF-alpha genes in chronic and indeterminate forms of CD and assess their association with clinical data and comorbidities. Methods The study included 51 male patients with the indeterminate chronic forms of CD and 22 male patients with cardiac chronic forms of CD. All patients were treated at the HC-FMB/UNESP outpatient clinic. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) was extracted from blood samples and genotyped using Sanger sequencing and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) to analyze the ACE2 rs2074192 and TNF-alpha rs1800629 polymorphisms. Results Analysis of the ACE2 rs2074192 SNP revealed no significant differences in the frequencies of the Guanine (G) and Adenine (A) alleles. Similarly, analysis of the TNF-alpha rs1800629 SNP revealed no significant differences in the frequencies of the GG, GA, and AA genotypes. Conclusion No significant associations were found between the studied polymorphisms and the clinical forms of CD. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these findings.

关键词： 间充质干细胞   条件培养基   伤口愈合   细胞因子   作用机制  

摘要： 创面愈合是一个复杂的过程,涉及到受损部位的再上皮化、肉芽组织增生、炎症反应、血管增生和创面的重塑等过程。研究显示,间充质干细胞条件培养基对于创面的愈合起到积极的促进作用,有学者推测可能与干细胞条件培养基中的细胞因子有关,近年来,已有诸多学者分别研究条件培养基中的各种细胞因子在创面愈合中的作用及其机制。本文就间充质干细胞条件培养基中细胞因子促进伤口愈合的作用机制展开综述。

关键词： Donor-specific antibodies   Graft failure   Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation   Meta-analysis   Overall survival   Transplant outcomes  

摘要： Background Donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) are a major risk factor for adverse clinical outcomes in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, their clinical relevance remains controversial and unclear. This meta-analysis evaluated the impact of DSAs in HSCT. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis compared outcomes between patients positive and negative for DSAs. Databases including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for English-language studies published up to January 2025. Studies assessing DSAs and outcomes, including overall survival (OS), graft failure, poor graft function (PGF), poor engraftment rates, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Pooled odds ratios and confidence intervals were calculated using fixed- or random-effects models. Results Thirty-two studies with 5555 patients with HSCT (557 DSA-positive, 4998 DSA-negative) were included. DSA positivity was considerably associated with increased risk of PGF, graft failure, and overall mortality. Additionally, patients with DSA-positive had lower OS. However, no notable associations were found with GVHD, neutrophil or platelet engraftment, relapse, or infections such as cytomegalovirus or Epstein-Barr virus. Study heterogeneity was moderate to high for several outcomes, necessitating the use of random-effects models. Conclusion DSAs are linked to poorer HSCT outcomes, particularly graft failure and reduced overall survival. Routine DSA screening and targeted interventions may improve outcomes.

关键词： ASIA   silicone   granuloma   adalimumab   anti-TNF  

关键词： CXCL8   IL1A   IL1B   glioblastoma   therapeutic resistance  

摘要： BACKGROUND/AIM:Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive, treatment-resistant brain tumor with a dismal prognosis, and identifying key molecules involved in its therapeutic resistance is essential to improve patient outcomes. This study was undertaken to identify hub genes associated with the radioresistance and temozolomide (TMZ) resistance of GBM using bioinformatics analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS:RNA-seq and microarray datasets from the GEO database were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed using Enrichr. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING and visualized with Cytoscape, and hub genes were identified by MCODE analysis. Expression and survival analyses were conducted on TCGA and GTEx datasets using GEPIA2. RESULTS:Twenty-four DEGs were considered linked to radioresistance and 122 to TMZ resistance. Functional enrichment and PPI network analyses highlighted key therapeutic resistance pathways, including cytokine-mediated signaling and inflammatory response pathways. Notably, , and were identified as key hub genes significantly enriched in these pathways. Expression analysis confirmed their up-regulation in GBM, and survival analysis indicated their association with prognosis. CONCLUSION:This study identifies , and as potential therapeutic targets for overcoming the resistance of GBM to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In addition, these genes might serve as prognostic biomarkers and key regulators of GBM malignancy. Future studies are warranted to explore their functional roles and assess their potential use as therapeutic intervention targets.

关键词： Donor lymphocyte infusion   HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic   transplantation   Adult T -cell leukemia/lymphoma  

摘要： Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) combined with chemotherapy is an effective therapy for relapsed adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched related donor or matched unrelated donor. The 1-year incidence of ATL relapse is 28 % after HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) with post-transplant cyclophosphamide. However, the efficacy of DLI for relapsed ATL after haplo-HSCT remains unclear. Here, we present the case of a 61-year-old woman diagnosed with ATL who underwent haplo-HSCT from an HLA-haploidentical relative donor. On day +164 after transplantation, the patient experienced ATL relapse. Tacrolimus was tapered and discontinued on day +216;however, ATL progressed. Since the patient did not develop graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after the discontinuation of tacrolimus, DLI following chemotherapy was performed for relapsed ATL. The patient achieved complete remission without severe GVHD after the 6th DLI treatment. This remission has been sustained for over 15 months with 13 DLI treatments. These results suggest the potential of DLI combined with chemotherapy as a treatment option for patients with relapsed ATL after haplo-HSCT.

关键词： ESR1   Hotspot mutations   Neoepitopes   HLA-A2   Immunotherapy  

摘要： Endocrine therapy has shown significant clinical efficacy in estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha)-positive breast cancer management, but the emergence of therapy-resistant mutations significantly undermines treatment outcomes, frequently leading to disease progression and metastasis. Among these resistance mechanisms, mutations in the ESR1 gene are particularly prevalent, detectable in 76% of endocrine therapy-resistant tumor specimens. The identification of immunogenic neoepitopes derived from mutant ESR1 offers a promising therapeutic avenue for patients with endocrine therapy-resistant breast cancer. In this study, we systematically investigated the mutational landscape of ESR1 across various cancer types, with particular emphasis on mutation frequency and spectrum analysis. Our findings revealed that non-synonymous ESR1 mutations predominantly occurred in breast cancer, clustering at four distinct hotspot sites: K303, E380, Y537 and D538. We further characterized the mutation prevalence at these hotspots across different breast cancer subtypes. Through comprehensive screening, we identified eight human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201 restricted immunogenic neoepitopes derived from ESR1 hotspot mutations. These neoepitopes demonstrated the capacity to elicit specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) responses both in vitro and in vivo. The induced CTLs exhibited specific recognition and cytotoxic activity against both T2A2 cells loaded with mutant neoepitopes and HLA-A*0201-positive breast cancer cells transfected with minigene encoding mutant neoepitopes. Notably, adoptive transfer of T cells primed with a peptide pool containing these eight neoepitopes significantly suppressed tumor growth and enhanced CD8+ T cells infiltration within tumor tissue. These findings suggest that the identified neoepitopes represent promising candidates for the development of tumor shared neoantigen vaccines.

关键词： gastric cancer   growth   interleukin-21 receptor   long non-coding RNA MALAT1   miR-125a-3p  

摘要： Following the publication of the above article, an interested reader drew to the authors' attention that their paper was found to contain data with a previous article that had been published in the journal (Figs. 2C and 4B), and in a paper that appeared subsequently in the journal Molecular Cancer. All cases involved the sharing of Transwell assay data, and the other papers in question were published by the same authors/the same research group. After having examined their original data, the authors realized that Figs. 2 and 4 had been inadvertently assembled incorrectly in the above paper. Specifically, Figs. 2C and D, and 4B and D, showing the results of Transwell assay experiments indicating the effects of IL‑21R knockdown or co‑transfection with IL‑21R and miR‑125a mimic on cell invasion in HGC‑27 and MKN‑45 cell lines, contained erroneous images. The revised versions of Figs. 2 and 4, featuring replacement data for Figs. 2C and D and 4B and D, showing the correct data obtained for the effects of IL‑21R knockdown or co‑transfection with IL‑21R and miR‑125a mimic on cell invasion, are shown on the next page. All authors confirm that the errors made in Figs. 2C and D and 4B and D did not influence the final conclusions reported in the above article, and they thank the Editor of for granting them the opportunity to publish a Corrigendum. All the authors agree to the publication of this Corrigendum, and apologize for the inconvenience to the readers. [International Journal of Oncology 54: 7‑16, 2019; DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4612].