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关键词： chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)   single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)   toll-like receptor-9 (TLR9)   interleukin-26 AK155(IL-26)   exacerbation   forced expiratory volume   forced vital capacity   in silico analysis  

摘要： Background: A crucial challenge is the determination of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) immune-related mechanisms, where one of the important components of the inflammatory axes in COPD is Toll-like receptor-9 (TLR9) and interleukin-26 AK155(IL-26). Aim: To examine the relation between TLR9 (T1237C) SNP rs5743836 and serum levels of AK155(IL-26) with the exacerbation of COPD. Subjects: A total of 96 COPD patients sub-classified into two groups. Materials: DNA was purified from blood samples of stable COPD patients (n = 48) vs. exacerbated COPD patients (n = 48) as well as 42 age- and sex-matched healthy smokers and passive smokers as a control group. Methods: Genotyping for TLR9 rs5743836 (T1237C) polymorphism was performed using real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). AK155(IL-26) serum levels were determined using ELISA. Results: There is a significantly higher frequency of the mutant homozygous genotype (C/C) and the mutated C allele of TLR9 rs5743836 (T1237C) in COPD patients and in the exacerbated group when compared with the control group and stable COPD patients, respectively, with OR 31.98, 1.8 to 57.7, and OR 3.64, 0.98 to 13.36, respectively. For the mutated C allele, the OR was 3.57, 1.94 to 6.56, p = 0.001, OR 1.83, 1.02 to 3.27, p = 0.041, respectively. In the exacerbated COPD group, there was a significant association between TLR9 rs5743836 SNP and BMI and the lung vital function measures, CRP, and AK155(IL-26). The exacerbated COPD group has higher serum levels of AK155(IL-26) compared with the stable group or when compared with the control group (p = 0.001) for both. AK155(IL-26) serum levels have a positive significant correlation with CRP and BMI and a significant negative correlation with FEV1% and FEV1/FVC in exacerbated COPD patients. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated a relation linking TLR-9 rs5743836 (T1237C) expression and the risk of COPD development and its exacerbation, indicating that dysfunctional polymorphisms of

关键词： Polycythemia vera   IFN-alpha2   Transcriptional profiles   Co-expression analysis   Modules  

摘要： Polycythemia vera (PV) is the most common chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) in adults. Pegylated interferon-alpha 2 (IFN-alpha 2) is an effective and safe drug for the treatment of PV. However, the mechanisms of its action in PV are still not fully understood. Using the WGCNA and Limma algorithm, we found a subset of IFN-alpha 2 sensitive genes and four gene co-expression modules. Meanwhile, we also found 820 genes were differentially expressed in PV compared with healthy controls. By integrating the above results, several differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that were up- or down-regulated in PV but showed opposite alterations in the IFN-alpha 2-treated group were found. These genes were mainly related to three types of biological processes (metal ion homeostasis, metabolic/catabolic process, and Jak-STAT signaling pathway), the dysfunctions of which were prevalent in PV. Moreover, we applied another threshold-free analysis method to compare global gene expression between IFN-alpha 2 treated PV, PV, and control groups. Results showed the transcriptome changes of PV versus controls were negatively correlated with that of IFN-alpha 2 treated versus untreated PV, indicating IFN-alpha 2 treatment could partially reverse the dysregulated gene expression profile due to PV pathology. In summary, interferon may alleviate the progression of PV through multiple pathways. The findings may be of assistance in understanding the molecular basis underlying this treatment.

关键词： 白细胞介素4诱导蛋白1   神经胶质瘤   细胞因子   信号通路   临床应用   IL-4I1   Glioma   Cytokines   Signaling Pathways   Clinical Applications  

摘要： 神经胶质瘤是一种常见、具有高度侵袭性的神经系统肿瘤，因生长快速，广泛浸润邻近脑组织，假性坏死和诱导血管生成，且无明显的作用靶点，所以胶质瘤预后较差，复发率高，其发生和发展受到多种细胞因子的调节。其中白细胞介素4诱导蛋白1 (IL-4I1)作为一种重要的神经系统细胞因子，逐渐引起了研究者的关注。IL-4I1不仅参与肿瘤微环境的调节，还可能影响肿瘤细胞的增殖、存活和迁移等过程，在神经胶质瘤的发生与发展中发挥重要作用。目前的研究表明，IL-4I1通过多条信号通路影响神经胶质瘤的生物学特性，但其具体机制还未有明确说明。因此，通过影响IL-4I1的表达为神经胶质瘤的治疗提供了新的思路。本文旨在综述IL-4I1在神经胶质瘤中的作用机制、相关信号通路以及其在临床应用中的前景，为研究人员提供关于IL-4I1在这一领域的最新进展和未来研究方向。

关键词： 免疫磁珠富集   A型肉毒毒素   荧光免疫层析   单克隆抗体  

摘要： 本研究建立了一种羧基化免疫磁珠联合时间分辨荧光免疫分析技术检测A型肉毒毒素（BoNT/A）的方法。将BoNT/A单克隆抗体与羧基化免疫磁珠偶联，制备得到特异性BoNT/A免疫磁珠，从含有痕量BoNT/A的样本中特异性富集检测靶标抗原，将收集捕获靶标抗原的免疫磁珠在一定条件下解离抗原，并结合镧系荧光免疫层析方法对其进行检测。结果显示，使用1 μg、粒径为0.6 μm的羧基化免疫磁珠与2号BoNT/A单克隆抗体偶联，在42 ℃下进行BoNT/A抗原富集，用浓度为5 mol/L的洗脱液进行抗原洗脱，此时BoNT/A的抗原富集效果最佳。该方法对土壤、牛奶、血清等模拟样品中的痕量BoNT/A检测效果俱佳。本研究建立的免疫磁珠富集联合荧光免疫层析法检测BoNT/A的方法，可显著提高样本中待测抗原的检出值，具有灵敏度高、准确性好、快速简便等优点。

关键词： Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)   Mental health and well-being   University athletes  

摘要： BackgroundSport Mental Health Continuum - Short Form (Sport MHC-SF) is an adaptation of the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form for athletes. Although validated in Western contexts, its applicability to the Chinese population remains unexplored. This study aims to validate the Chinese adaptation of the Sport MHC-SF in Chinese university athletes, evaluate its reliability and validity, and confirm its factorial *** total of 1,025 Chinese university athletes (65% male, mean age 20 +/- 1.54 years) were included in this study. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multi-group CFA (MGCFA) were conducted using Mplus 8.0 to evaluate the factorial structure and assess measurement invariance across sports *** the three-factor and second-order models demonstrated a good fit for the Chinese adaptation of the Sport MHC-SF. Chi-square values were 262.704 (74) and 262.705 (74), respectively, with a comparative fit index (CFI) of 0.968, a Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) of 0.961, a standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) of 0.027, and a root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) of 0.050 (90% CI: 0.043-0.056). Measurement invariance across ranked and non-ranked athletes was confirmed, with minimal changes in fit indices (Delta CFI <= 0.01, Delta TLI <= 0.01, Delta RMSEA <= 0.015) from configural to strict *** Chinese adaptation of the Sport MHC-SF scale has strong construct validity, reliability, and measurement invariance, making it a reliable tool for future research on the well-being of Chinese athletes. This study fills a critical gap in cross-cultural validation, offering a foundation for future research and practical applications in sports psychology among Chinese athletes.

摘要： The liver is the target of various viruses that can cause significant damage, impair function and potentially threaten a patient's life. While the "alphabetic" hepatitis viruses A, B, C, D, and E are well-characterized, and their impact on liver function well-documented, many emerging and re-emerging viruses, some of which are considered by the WHO to be potential pandemic threats, also infect the liver. In this review, we describe the current state of knowledge regarding liver infections caused by major non-alphabetic hepatotropic viruses and their effects on liver functions.

关键词： nanoplasmonics   natural periodical nanostructures   pollen   biosensors   interleukin IL-17A  

摘要： Interleukins are involved in several diseases and cancers, and their detection and monitoring are of great interest. Their low abundance and short half-lives suggest the need to develop rapid, specific, and highly sensitive detection platforms, easily integrable in point-of-care (POC) systems. Among the other interleukins, interleukin IL-17A is associated with inflammations, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancers, and no biosensors have been previously reported for its detection. In this work, for the detection of IL-17A, a highly sensitive nanoplasmonic sensor based on natural nanostructures like pollen shells, covered by a gold film and a bio-receptor layer, is presented. Hybrid plasmonic modes are exploited to reach high sensitivity without using costly techniques to fabricate periodic nanostructures, such as electron beam lithography. A transparent amino-modified glass substrate is functionalized with carboxylic activated pollen via carbodiimide chemistry. Then, the pollen-based nanostructures are covered by a gold film and derivatized by an immuno-layer specific to IL-17A recognition. The developed IL-17A biosensor is monitored via a simple, small-sized, and low-cost experimental setup, demonstrating high selectivity, a fast response time of about five minutes, and sensitivity with a limit of detection in the ag/mL concentration range. The biosensor allows for the detection of IL-17A in complex solutions thanks to the possibility of high dilution, an advantageous aspect to POC systems.

摘要： Tumors escape immune detection and elimination through a variety of mechanisms. Here, we used prostate cancer as a model to examine how androgen-dependent tumors undergo immune evasion through downregulation of the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI). We report that response to immunotherapy in late-stage prostate cancer is associated with elevated MHC expression. To uncover the mechanism, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) screen and identified androgen receptor (AR) as a repressor of the MHCI pathway. Syngeneic mouse models of aggressive prostate cancer deficient in Ar also demonstrated increased tumor immunogenicity and promoted T cell-mediated tumor control. Notably, the increase in MHCI expression upon AR blockade is transient and correlates with resistance to AR inhibition. Mechanistic studies identified androgen response elements upstream of MHCI transcription start sites which increased MHCI expression when deleted. Together, this body of work highlights another mechanism by which hormones can promote immune ***: Immunotherapy options for immune cold tumors, like prostate cancer, are limited. We show that AR downregulates MHCI expression/antigen presentation and that AR inhibition improves T-cell responses and tumor control. This suggests that treatments combining AR inhibitors and checkpoint blockade may improve tumor immune surveillance and antitumor immunity in patients.

关键词： cardiovascular disease   cardiovascular nursing   emergency management   enhancement program   Quasi-experimental  

摘要： Objective: To assess the effectiveness of the created program in enhancing the knowledge of emergency room (ER) nurses in the emergency management of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest research design to identify the knowledge and skills of emergency department (ED) nurses in managing CVD. There were 16 participants in this study. The mean, standard deviation (SD), and t-test were used to analyze the data. Results: Before the participants undergo the program, they have a mean (SD) score of 17.63 (5.19). After the completion of the didactic part of the program, they garnered a mean (SD) score of 19.94 (5.22). Moreover, after completion of the practicum part of the program, the mean (SD) score was 21.94 (5.04). Comparing the scores before the program and after finishing the didactic part of the program, the t-test scored (t (15) = -3.87, P = 0.001). Further, comparing the scores before the program and after finishing the didactic and practicum parts of the program, the t-test scored (t (15) = -5.57, P = 0.001). Conclusions: Based on the study’s results, the researchers conclude that the respondents had acceptable knowledge regarding the emergency management of CVD before the program. However, the Cardiac Enhancement Program for Emergency Cardiac Care boosted their knowledge. Also, the program is effective in enhancing the participants’ knowledge of the emergency management of CVD.