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关键词： allergy   equine   IgE allergen-specific   IL-4   IL-5   insect bite hypersensitivity   vaccination  

摘要： Background Skin allergies are among the most frequent types of allergies, where continuous investigation of the pathological immune mechanisms is required for a better understanding and a more effective treatment of the disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of interleukin (IL)-5 vaccination on allergen-specific IgE antibodies as well as T cell cytokine modulation in skin allergy using a mouse model and a naturally occurring disease in *** Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice, as well as horses affected by equine insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) were administered an anti-IL-5 vaccination, and allergen-specific IgE and IgG were quantified in the blood. Additionally, mRNA and protein expression of T cell cytokines of in vitro allergen re-stimulated murine splenocytes and equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), as well as in IBH lesional skin biopsies, were investigated using qPCR and ELISA. Clinical signs were recorded by ear swelling in *** Our data showed a significant decrease in allergen-specific immunoglobulins (Igs) in IL-5-vaccinated mice, as well as a reduction in allergen-specific IgE in horses. Furthermore, protein production of T cell cytokines IL-4 and IFN gamma in mice, as well as mRNA expression of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IFN gamma in lesional skin of the horses, was significantly decreased upon vaccination when compared to the placebo group. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CD4+ cells in IBH-affected horses are highly enriched with the GATA3 transcription factor, responsible for IL-5 mRNA production and differentiation of Th2 cells. Additionally, increased IL-4 mRNA expression in IBH horses was shown to be CD4-MHC-II-cell *** IL-5 vaccination significantly decreased allergen-specific IgE in both the murine skin allergy model and horses with naturally occurring allergic skin disease, as well as alleviated clinical signs of the diseases. We suggest that the IL-5 depletion may modulate the IL

摘要：

Abstract

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Palifermin, a recombinant N-truncated keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), protects epithelial tissues, including the thymus and gut. Although high-dose KGF prevents GVHD in preclinical models, lower doses of palifermin were ineffective in humans. We conducted a phase 1/2 trial evaluating high-dose palifermin for preventing severe chronic GVHD (CGVHD) in matched unrelated donor T-cell replete peripheral blood HCT after reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC). Using a 3+3 design, we determined the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D), followed by an expansion phase. Palifermin (180-720 μg/kg) was given on day −7 before HCT. All 31 patients received fludarabine/cyclophosphamide RIC with tacrolimus, methotrexate, and sirolimus for GVHD prophylaxis. Palifermin was well tolerated, with self-limiting rash and pancreatic enzyme elevations as notable grade 3/4 adverse events. The RP2D was 720 μg/kg. Remarkably, no patients at this dose developed grade 2 to 4 acute GVHD (AGVHD [0/19]), although severe CGVHD rates (primary end point) remained unchanged compared to historical controls. Posttransplant lymphocyte phenotyping suggests palifermin modulates regulatory and naïve CD4⁺ T-cell numbers. These findings indicate that high-dose palifermin with RIC is safe and may prevent AGVHD, although it did not affect CGVHD rates in this study. This trial was registered at ***

人文关怀结合预见性护理对急性非淋巴细胞白血病化疗患者癌因性疲乏及并发症的影响

李新慧 

新疆维吾尔自治区中医医院 新疆乌鲁木齐830000

来源 维普期刊数据库 详细信息

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• 维普期刊数据库

关键词： 人文关怀   预见性护理   急性非淋巴细胞白血病   癌因性疲乏   并发症  

摘要： 探讨开展人文关怀结合预见性护理在白血病化疗中的收获。方法 研究对象为126例急性非淋巴细胞白血病化疗患者,以2024年1月为最早资料收集时间点,以2024年12月为最终资料收集时间点,纳入者分组方式为随机数字表法,每组例数均为63,将接受常规护理者纳为对照组,将接受人文关怀结合预见性护理者纳为研究组,最后评价干预效果。结果 (1)在疾病心理适应方面,干预后两组患者均明显改善,且数据显示明显研究组更佳(P<0.05);(2)在化疗依从性方面,研究组明显更高(P<0.05);(3)评比研究组与对照组患者癌因性疲乏,干预后明显前者缓解更加突出(P<0.05);(4)评比研究组与对照组患者并发症发生率,明显前者更低(P<0.05);(5)评比研究组与对照组生活质量,干预后明显牵正改善更佳(P<0.05)。结论 对急性非淋巴细胞白血病化疗患者联合开展人文关怀与预见性护理有助于提高患者疾病心理适应能力及化疗依从性,缓解癌因性疲乏,减少并发症,对改善患者生活质量具有促进作用。

关键词： B-L beta genes   blue egg   Caipira chicken   genetic variability   major histocompatibility complex (MHC)  

摘要： Introduction Brazilian Caipira chickens that lay blue eggs are known to possess unique genetic traits. This study investigates the immunogenetic diversity of MHC class II B-L beta genes (B-L beta I and B-L beta II) in this population, aiming to assess their potential value in selective breeding programs focused on disease *** and methods A total of 100 chickens were analyzed using targeted sequencing of the B-L beta I and B-L beta II genes. The resulting nucleotide sequences were evaluated for polymorphism and compared with known alleles described in previous *** Fifteen unique nucleotide sequences were identified, of which five had not been previously reported in the scientific literature. The new alleles exhibited significant polymorphism, confirming high genetic diversity within the *** The genetic variability observed supports earlier findings regarding the diversity of MHC genes in local chicken breeds. These novel alleles may confer advantages in immune responsiveness, reinforcing the importance of preserving local breeds as reservoirs of functional genetic *** Brazilian Caipira chickens laying blue eggs display remarkable immunogenetic diversity in MHC class II B-L beta genes. This variation includes novel alleles with potential application in future breeding programs. Conservation and utilization of this genetic resource can contribute to the development of healthier and more disease-resistant commercial chicken lines.

关键词： italic>HLA-B*58:01   Allopurinol   Drug hypersensitivity   Severe cutaneous adverse reaction  

摘要： Evidence on the prevalence of HLA-B*58:01 genotyping and its association with allopurinol-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) is lacking, especially in low-resource settings. We addressed these gaps by conducting comprehensive and race/ethnic origin-specific evaluations. We conducted a systematic search from inception to 31 December 2022 using databases (PubMed, Embase, and medRxiv), Google (for Vietnamese articles), and manual searching. We included original studies that investigated the association between HLA-B*58:01 genotyping and allopurinol-induced SCARs. We excluded studies on: (1) animals;(2) pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics;(3) genetic markers or genetic testing methods;(4) single group;and (5) cost-effectiveness of screening. Risk of bias was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We used random-effects model to report the summary estimates and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) in the meta-analysis. We included 13,719 patients from 24 case-control studies. The prevalences of HLA-B*58:01 genotyping (overall 5.8%;95% CI 2.9% to 11.5%;I2 = 98%) varied by races (Asian [7.7%;95% CI 3.4% to 16.8%;I2 = 98%] and White in Eastern/Western Europe [2.3%;95% CI 1.2% to 4.3%;I2 = 86%]) and ethnic origins (East and Central Asia [5.5%;95% CI 1.5% to 17.8%;I2 = 98%] and South and Southeast Asia [12.9%;95% CI 9.5% to 17.3%;I2 = 79%]). HLA-B*58:01 genotyping was associated with substantially increasing risk of allopurinol-induced SCARs (odds ratio 117.6;95% CI 70.3 to 196.8;I2 = 45%) regardless of the subgroups. We found a higher prevalence of HLA-B*58:01 genotyping in some Asian populations compared with the Whites. There is evidence to confirm a strong association between this allele and allopurinol-induced SCARs.

关键词： anti-HLA donor–specific antibody   antibody-mediated rejection   intragraft anti-HLA donor–specific antibody   lung transplantation  

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关键词： italic>DRB1e2   polymorphisms   genotypes   conservation   nocturnal primates  

摘要： The endangered Bengal slow loris (Nycticebus bengalensis) relies heavily on captive/rescue populations for conservation. This study investigated the critical link between Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II DRB1 exon 2 (DRB1e2) genetic variation and gut microbiota in 46 captive individuals, aiming to improve ex situ management. Using standardized conditions across three enclosure types, we characterized DRB1e2 polymorphism via targeted sequencing and analyzed fecal microbiota using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Results demonstrated that high DRB1e2 polymorphism significantly reduced microbial community evenness. Specific genotypes showed distinct microbial associations: G9 strongly correlated with beneficial short-chain fatty acid producers like Fructobacillus, and G2 positively correlated with Bifidobacterium spp., while G2, G3, and G4 correlated negatively with Buchnera (a nutrient-provisioning symbiont). Genotypes and polymorphism collectively explained 9.77% of microbiota variation, exceeding the weaker (5.15%), though significant, influence of enclosure type on beta-diversity. These findings reveal that host DRB1e2 variation is a primary driver shaping gut microbiota structure and taxon abundance in captive slow lorises, providing evidence for MHC-mediated host-microbe co-adaptation. This offers a genetically informed framework for optimizing conservation strategies, such as tailoring diets or probiotics to specific genotypes, to enhance gut health and population viability.

关键词： 呼吸道合胞病毒   病毒样颗粒   疫苗   单克隆抗体  

摘要： 病毒样颗粒（Virus-like particles,VLP）是由一种或多种结构蛋白组成的与病毒结构相似的颗粒，具有良好的免疫原性，可以刺激机体产生高效的免疫应答。同时，由于VLP缺乏复制能力且安全性良好，其在疫苗研究中的发展广受关注。呼吸道合胞病毒（Respiratory syncytial virus,RSV）是一种引起婴幼儿、老年人和免疫缺陷人群急性呼吸道感染的主要病原体之一，在全世界范围内造成了巨大的疾病负担。疫苗是预防传染病最有效的手段之一。已上市的三款RSV疫苗在免疫保护效果与适用人群覆盖上仍有提升空间，亟需优化完善。本文对RSV已上市疫苗、单克隆抗体及RSV病毒样颗粒疫苗研究进展进行介绍和总结，为我国开发VLP形式的RSV疫苗研究提供参考和借鉴。

关键词： 基于患者反馈的强化护理   变态反应疾病   舌下含服特异性免疫治疗护理   负面情绪指数  

摘要： 对比研究探讨,基于患者反馈的强化护理在变态反应疾病患者舌下含服特异性免疫治疗护理工作中的实践价值。方法 观察组(基于患者反馈的强化护理)、对照组(给予常规护理)使用抛硬币法各自分得30例变态反应疾病患者,就2组负面情绪指数、疾病不确定感、自护能力及生活质量等数据展开对比。结果 干预后焦虑、抑郁、沮丧指数评分,疾病不确定感量表各维度得分比,观察组均较之对照组低,而自护能力各维度与生活质量各项目评分比,观察组则更高(P<0.05)。结论 变态反应疾病患者舌下含服特异性免疫治疗护理中实施基于患者反馈的强化护理干预,可以淡化患者负面情绪,减轻疾病不确定感,提升其自护能力及生活质量。