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关键词： 黄曲霉毒素B_(1)   抗原   单克隆抗体   量子点   电化学发光  

摘要： 该研究设计了一种结合AFB_(1)单克隆抗体与CdTe量子点材料的电化学传感器,建立了量子点单克隆抗体(quantum dot monoclonal antibody,QDs-mAb)用于AFB_(1)的可视化快速定量筛查检测方法。当AFB_(1)抗原与AFB_(1)偶联的比例为50∶1时,QDs-mAb法的检测范围为0.03~12μg/L,最低检测限(limit of detection,LOD)为0.03μg/L。该方法具有较高的灵敏度、宽广的线性范围,回收率为84.62%~114.47%,并且与现行国家标准GB 5009.22—2016《食品安全国家标准食品中黄曲霉毒素B族和G族的测定》检测结果表现出高度一致性。该研究建立的QDs-mAb方法实现了食品和粮食中AFB_(1)的现场即时检测,旨在提升基层监管机构的日常筛查检测水平。

关键词： 结直肠癌   手术   复发   转移   糖类抗原153   糖类抗原242  

摘要： 目的:探讨血清糖类抗原153(CA153)、糖类抗原242(CA242)对结直肠癌术后复发转移的预测价值。方法:选择2022年5月至2023年12月100例结直肠癌患者作为研究参与者,根据术后进展情况分为复发转移组与无瘤生存组,收集2组患者临床资料及术后血清CA153、CA242及癌胚抗原(CEA)水平,运用多因素Cox回归分析法分析危险因素,受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析各指标的预测效能。结果:100例患者随访10~27个月,中位随访时间18个月,共37例患者出现术后复发转移,包括25例复发,6例肝转移,3例肺转移,3例骨转移。复发转移组与无瘤生存组之间的分化程度和病理分期比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),2组患者在年龄、性别、肿瘤部位、淋巴管浸润方面比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。复发转移组患者血清CA153、CA242、CEA水平明显高于无瘤生存组(P<0.05)。多因素Cox回归分析显示,分化程度(OR=2.275,95%CI:1.359~5.526)、病理分期(OR=5.265,95%CI:2.386~17.636)、CA242(OR=2.051,95%CI:1.428~4.300)、CEA(OR=2.024,95%CI:1.204~4.263)是结直肠癌患者术后复发转移的危险因素(P<0.05),而CA153不是危险因素(P>0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,血清CA153预测术后复发转移的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.572(95%CI:0.439~0.826),敏感度、特异度分别为44.3%、85.2%;CA242预测术后复发转移的AUC为0.744(95%CI:0.584~0.927),敏感度、特异度分别为74.2%、70.8%;CEA预测术后复发转移的AUC为0.702(95%CI:0.632~0.953),敏感度、特异度分别为71.6%、65.3%。结论:结直肠癌术后监测血清CA242水平能够帮助临床医师评估复发转移风险,效能甚至可能优于CEA,而CA153的价值有限。

关键词： Access to information   Diamond Open Access   Open Access publications   scientific publications  

摘要： The world of scientific publishing has undergone, in recent decades, a series of profound transformations supported by continuous technological innovations and strongly motivated by the movement born to promote free access (Open Access-OA) and without restrictions to scientific information. In this still evolving context, the Diamond Open Access model emerges in which journals and platforms do not require fees from authors or readers. In this article, after a brief overview of how scientific publishing has developed from the traditional publication model to OA and how we arrived at the Diamond OA model, the authors will focus on examining the latter in particular. The aim of this contribution, in fact, is to provide an account as exhaustive as possible of the numerous projects, initiatives and organizations that currently support and promote the Diamond OA model and, at the same time, to reflect on its sustainability and on the concrete problems that hinder its greater diffusion within the varied ecosystem in which scientific information moves today. © 2025, Il Pensiero Scientifico Editore s.r.l.. All rights reserved.

关键词： 哮喘   儿童   维生素AD   升阶梯治疗   体液免疫   预后   复发   肺功能  

摘要： 目的分析维生素AD联合升阶梯治疗方案在儿童哮喘中的应用效果以及对体液免疫、肺功能、复发的影响。方法选取94例哮喘患儿为研究对象,并按照随机数字表法分为研究组(n=47)和对照组(n=47)。对照组在常规治疗的基础上采用升阶梯治疗方案,研究组在对照组的基础上采用维生素AD治疗。比较2组治疗后的临床疗效、肺功能指标[用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV_(1))、FEV_(1)/FVC、最大呼气峰流速(PEF)]和体液免疫功能[免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白E(IgE)]。比较2组治疗后的复发率及安全性。结果研究组临床总有效率为93.62%,高于对照组的78.72%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组FVC、FEV_(1)、FEV_(1)/FVC和PEF高于治疗前,且研究组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,研究组IgG、IgA水平高于对照组,IgM、IgE水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗12个月后,研究组复发率为4.26%(2/47),低于对照组的19.15%(9/47),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组治疗期间不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论维生素AD联合升阶梯治疗可有效减轻哮喘患儿临床症状,调节机体体液免疫平衡,改善肺功能,降低复发率,且安全性较高。

关键词： 中医推拿   寒痹散穴位贴敷   风寒湿痹型肩周炎   肩关节功能   C反应蛋白   白细胞介素-6   一氧化氮  

摘要： 目的 探究中医推拿联合寒痹散穴位贴敷对风寒湿痹型肩周炎患者肩关节功能及血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、一氧化氮(NO)水平的影响。方法 选取2022年5月—2023年5月在该院诊治的82例肩周炎患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为穴位组和研究组,各41例。穴位组给予寒痹散穴位贴敷治疗,研究组给予中医推拿和寒痹散穴位贴敷治疗。分析两组中医症状、肩关节功能、炎症因子、NO水平、一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)水平、疗效及不良反应发生情况。结果 治疗后两组肩部窜痛评分、遇风寒痛增评分、畏风恶寒评分、CRP水平、IL-6水平、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)水平、NO水平、NOS水平较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且研究组低于穴位组(P<0.05)。治疗后两组肌力评分、日常生活能力评分、关节活动度评分较治疗前升高(P<0.05),且研究组高于穴位组(P<0.05)。治疗后总有效率研究组高于穴位组(P<0.05)。两组患者不良反应发生率相近(P>0.05)。结论 中医推拿联合寒痹散穴位贴敷治疗风寒湿痹型肩周炎可较好缓解中医症状,提高肩关节功能、疗效,降低炎症因子水平、NO水平、NOS水平,不良反应发生率较低。

关键词： 小儿反复呼吸道感染   微量元素   体液免疫   维生素  

摘要： 目的回顾性分析维生素A、D和E,微量元素锌、铁、钙与免疫功能指标对小儿反复呼吸道感染(RRI)的影响。方法观察组选取漯河医学高等专科学校第二附属医院于2024年1—12月收治的56例RRI患儿,对照组为同期儿保科体检的56例儿童,回顾性分析两组体液免疫指标、血清微量元素含量与维生素含量检测等临床数据。结果观察组患儿血清维生素A、D、E水平分别为(286.93±27.21)μg/L、(66.63±4.77)nmol/L、(7.17±0.36)mg/L;钙、铁、锌含量分别为(0.76±0.13)、(6.55±1.09)、(72.67±6.64)mmol/L;血清IgA、IgG、IgM水平分别为(0.88±0.14)、(7.05±0.25)、(0.97±0.12)g/L;以上数据均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。相关性分析结果显示,RRI患儿IgA、IgG、IgM与维生素、微量元素水平呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论RRI可能引起小儿血清维生素A、D、E水平,钙、铁、锌含量以及IgA、IgG、IgM水平降低,且体液免疫水平与维生素水平、微量元素水平呈正相关。

关键词： 溃疡性结肠炎   粪菌移植   地塞米松   临床疗效   炎性因子  

摘要： 目的观察粪菌移植联合地塞米松治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床疗效,并探讨其对患者白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)水平的影响。方法选取2022年2月至2024年8月南阳市中心医院收治的86例溃疡性结肠炎患者作为研究对象,根据信封法随机分为观察组和对照组各43例。对照组患者采用地塞米松治疗,观察组患者在地塞米松治疗的基础上联合粪菌移植治疗,两组患者均持续治疗3个月。比较两组患者的治疗效果、干预前后的疾病活动度、黏膜愈合情况、症状评分(腹泻、脓血便、腹痛)、炎症因子水平(IL-6、CRP、TNF-α)和T淋巴细胞(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+))水平,同时比较两组患者的不良反应发生情况。结果观察组患者的治疗总有效率为95.35%,明显高于对照组的76.74%,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后观察组患者Mayo评分和Geboes指数分别为(3.26±0.39)分、(0.82±0.14)分,明显低于对照组的(4.34±0.45)分、(1.66±0.38)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后观察组患者的腹泻、脓血便和腹痛评分分别为(2.12±0.26)分、(2.14±0.36)分、(2.35±0.52)分,明显低于对照组的(3.59±0.45)分、(3.58±0.48)分、(3.63±0.58)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后观察组患者的IL-6、CRP和TNF-α水平分别为(32.76±3.67)ng/L、(18.64±1.74)mg/L、(7.74±1.12)ng/mL,明显低于对照组的(46.73±4.45)ng/L、(24.62±2.58)mg/L、(12.58±1.65)ng/mL,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后观察组患者的CD3^(+)和CD4^(+)水平分别为(62.47±6.42)%、(32.46±3.16)%,明显高于对照组的(54.97±5.82)%、(27.53±2.87)%,CD8^(+)水平为(26.17±2.54)%,明显低于对照组的(32.53±3.16)%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者治疗期间的不良反应总发生率为4.65%,明显低于对照组的23.26%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论粪菌移植联合地塞米松治疗溃疡性结肠炎可明显改善患者的临床症状,降低炎症反应,提高免疫功能,临床治疗效果显著且不良反应少,具有临床应用价值。

关键词： 头孢噻肟钠舒巴坦钠   迟发型超敏反应   药品不良反应   第三代头孢菌素   皮疹  

摘要： 目的探讨注射用头孢噻肟钠舒巴坦钠致迟发型超敏反应的临床特征、判断方法和治疗策略,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法分析1例使用注射用头孢噻肟钠舒巴坦钠后发生迟发型超敏反应的病例,归纳总结相关处理方案。结果患者因间断性干咳被诊断为肺占位性病变并伴有2型糖尿病,在接受包括头孢噻肟钠舒巴坦钠在内的综合性治疗6 d后,出现了超敏反应,临床表现为双下肢和面部皮疹伴瘙痒,鉴于症状与头孢噻肟钠舒巴坦钠已知不良反应症状和注射时间的高度相关性,故怀疑是该药致迟发型超敏反应,随即停用该药并予抗过敏治疗,患者症状缓解,生命体征平稳。结论应注意头孢噻肟钠舒巴坦钠的迟发型超敏反应风险,其特点是有一定的潜伏期,应加强观察,综合判断,及时停药,必要时予抗过敏治疗。

关键词： Variceal bleeding   Albumin   Terlipressin   Cirrhosis   Respiratory failure   Pulmonary edema   ACLF   Acute-on-chronic liver failure   AKI   Acute Kidney Injury   ALPS   Albumin to Plasmalyte in Patients with Cirrhosis and Sepsis-Induced Hypotension   aHR   Adjusted Hazard Ratio   ANP   Atrial Natriuretic Peptide   ATTIRE   Albumin To Prevent Infection in Chronic Liver Failure   bpm   Beats Per Minute   CCL8/MCP2   Chemokine (C   C motif) Ligand 8 / Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 2   CI   Confidence Interval   CRP   C-Reactive Protein   EASL   European Association for the Study of the Liver   FiO2   Fraction of Inspired Oxygen   HICF   Health Innovation Challenge Fund   HRS   Hepatorenal Syndrome   HRS-AKI   Hepatorenal Syndrome-Acute Kidney Injury   IL   Interleukin   INR   International Normalized Ratio   IQR   Interquartile Range   LVP   Large-Volume Paracentesis   MAP   Mean Arterial Pressure   MELD   Model for End-Stage Liver Disease   PCT   Procalcitonin   SAE   Serious Adverse Event   SBP   Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis   SD   Standard Deviation   SpO2   Saturation of Peripheral Oxygen   TIPS   Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt   TNF-α   Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha   WCC   White Blood Cell Count  

摘要： Introduction and Objectives The ATTIRE trial showed increased severe adverse events with targeted albumin therapy. Safety concerns exist regarding albumin-terlipressin use for hepatorenal syndrome-acute kidney injury (HRS-AKI), but terlipressin is also used for variceal bleeding and hypotension. We evaluated the safety of terlipressin and albumin for any indication using ATTIRE data. Materials and Methods In ATTIRE, hospitalized decompensated cirrhosis patients were randomized to daily 20 % albumin (serum albumin ≥30 g/L) or standard care for up to 14 days post-randomization. Of 777 patients, 42 received terlipressin at randomization in the targeted albumin arm and 41 in standard care. We studied death and fluid-related complications from serious adverse event reporting during the 15-day trial period. Results Indications for terlipressin were variceal bleeding (73 %), HRS-AKI (23 %) and sepsis-induced hypotension (3 %). Median albumin dosing was higher with targeted albumin than standard care for variceal bleeding (200 g vs. 0 g) and sepsis-induced hypotension (180 g vs. 0 g), but similar for HRS-AKI (220 g vs. 230 g). A composite of death and fluid-related complications was more common with targeted albumin compared to standard care (log-rank: p = 0.011), where the increased risk persisted when adjusting for baseline MELD. This composite outcome occurred more often in variceal bleeding patients treated with targeted albumin ( n = 7) compared to standard care ( n = 2), although the difference was not statistically significant ( p = 0.064). Conclusions In hospitalized cirrhosis patients, targeted albumin infusions with terlipressin may increase the risk of death and fluid-related complications, particularly in variceal bleeding. Caution is warranted when using albumin in this subgroup. Clinical trial number EudraCT number: 2014–002,300–24 and International Standard RCT Number: 14,174,793 Research Ethics Committee Number: 15/LO/0104

关键词： Acute myocardial infarction   Leventhal’s SelfRegulation of Disease Model   women  

摘要： Timely access to care for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is critical for reducing morbidity and mortality, but women often seek care later than men. This article examines how Leventhal’s Self-Regulation of Disease Model (SRM) can explain these delays and suggests interventions to improve the response to cardiac emergencies in women. Cultural perceptions of the disease as more prevalent in men contribute to the delays. The SRM provides a useful framework for understanding the influence of cultural and personal representations on care seeking. Targeted educational interventions and awareness campaigns highlighting the symptoms of AMI in women may improve timeliness of treatment and reduce mortality. © 2025, Il Pensiero Scientifico Editore s.r.l.. All rights reserved.