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关键词： rheumatoid arthritis   influenza   vaccine   bDMARDs  

摘要： Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of short message service (SMS) and/or email reminders in improving influenza vaccination coverage rates among RA patients treated with anti-TNF therapies, and to identify factors associated with vaccination. Methods: This study was a nested randomized controlled trial in the ART e-cohort, an ongoing French nationwide multicentre prospective cohort of RA patients treated with anti-TNF therapy. Patients were 1:1 randomized, with stratification on age. The intervention consisted of regular reminders via SMS and/or emails to get vaccinated against influenza during the vaccination campaign. At the end, all participants received a questionnaire. The primary outcome was influenza vaccination coverage. Secondary outcomes included the vaccination coverage before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, and factors associated with vaccination. Results: Between October 2021 and April 2022, 446 participants were randomized (224 to the intervention group and 222 to the control group). Among them, 325 (73%) reported their vaccination status and 221 (68%) were vaccinated against influenza: 116/158 (73%) in the intervention group, vs 105/167 (63%) in the control group (relative risk 1.08;95% CI 0.95-1.23). The vaccination coverage before and after the COVID-19 pandemic did not differ (72% vs 72%;95% CI -8% to 8%). Age >= 65 years [odds ratio (OR) 6.25;95% CI 2.88-13.60] and previous influenza vaccination in the years before inclusion (OR 7.81;95% CI 4.36-14.02) were associated with higher rates of vaccination Conclusion: SMS and/or e-mail reminders did not significantly improve influenza vaccination rates in our cohort. The COVID-19 pandemic did not substantially impact the influenza vaccination coverage. Our results might be counterbalanced by an already high vaccination coverage.

关键词： Endometriosis   granulysin   infertility   MICA   pelvic adhesion   perforin  

摘要： IntroductionEndometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus. Molecules linked to natural killer (NK) and cytotoxic T cells, including granulysin (GNLY), MHC class I-related chain A (MICA), and perforin (PRF1) support immune surveillance, though their roles in endometriosis remain unclear. This study investigates the association of these molecules with clinical parameters in infertile women with ***-seven infertile women undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy were included: 44 with endometriosis and 43 with benign gynecologic disorders. Serum and peritoneal molecules were measured using ELISA. Statistical analyses compared groups and correlated immune markers with clinical *** patients displayed significantly higher PRF1 levels in serum (p = .038) and peritoneal fluid (p = .002), particularly in late-stage disease. Serum and peritoneal PRF1 levels correlated positively with the rASRM adhesion scores. Elevated serum PRF1 was observed in ovarian endometrioma (p = .021). Peritoneal MICA was higher in late-stage endometriosis (p = .013). Serum MICA was elevated in the follicular phase compared to the luteal phase (p = .008).ConclusionElevated PRF1 and MICA levels were associated with endometriosis severity, indicating their potential as biomarkers. Future studies should validate this finding and explore its therapeutic role in endometriosis.

关键词： IWR-1   Psoriasis   IL-36Y   Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway  

摘要： Background Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. The Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway is essential for the regulation of adult stem cells, homeostasis, and tissue regeneration;however, the relationship between this pathway and interleukin (IL)-36 gamma in the pathogenesis of psoriasis remains *** In this study, psoriasiform model mice were established using imiquimod (IMQ) induction. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to evaluate pathological morphologies, while immunohistochemistry was used to verify the expression patterns of beta-catenin and the inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-17 A, and interferon (IFN)-*** IL-36 gamma treatment increased psoriasis area and severity index scores, and enhanced proliferation of keratinocytes in IMQ-induced psoriatic mice. The effects of IL-36 gamma on the severity of psoriasiform lesions and epidermal hyperplasia were partly inhibited by IWR-1, which is an inhibitor of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. Furthermore, the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and molecules involved in the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway in psoriatic mouse skin, including IL-6, IL-17 A, IFN-gamma, beta-catenin, and Dickkopf-1 (DKK1), were upregulated by treatment with IL-36 gamma. Consistently, the effects of IL-36 gamma on the inflammatory response and the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway were alleviated by *** Taken together, our findings suggested that inhibition of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway may be useful in the alleviation of IL-36 gamma-induced psoriasis-like lesions.

关键词： Double negative B lymphocytes   Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies   IFN-lambda  

摘要： BackgroundIdiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are a heterogeneous group of autoimmune disorders with uncertain pathogenesis. Interferon (IFN)-lambda has recently been described as an important mediator of immune responses. The main purpose of this study is to find out whether IFN-lambda is involved in *** published RNA-seq data of dermatomyositis (DM) muscle and IIM double negative (DN) B cells were analyzed. Serum IFN-lambda 1, IFN-lambda 2, and IFN-lambda 3 levels of 59 IIM patients and 29 healthy persons were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The proportion of DN B cells and subsets as well as phosphorylated STAT1 (p-STAT1) levels in peripheral B cells was measured by flow cytometry. Ex vivo induction of double negative 2 (DN2) B cells were performed for *** III IFN signaling pathway was enriched in muscle tissue from DM patients. Serum IFN-lambda 1, IFN-lambda 2, and IFN-lambda 3 levels were significantly higher in the IIM patients, especially patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and skin manifestations. Moreover, serum IFN-lambda 1 level was positively correlated with the disease activity. In addition, IIM patients with positive anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (anti-MDA5) antibodies exhibited higher serum IFN-lambda 1, IFN-lambda 2, and IFN-lambda 3 levels. The frequency of DN2 B cells were elevated in IIM patients' blood. Interestingly, the type III IFN signaling pathway was enriched in circulating DN2 B cells from IIM patients, which could induce T-bet+CD19hi DN2 B cell differentiation ex ***-lambda may participate in the pathogenesis of IIM by acting on DN2 B cells and serve as a disease biomarker for IIM patients. Key Points center dot Type III IFN signaling pathway is enriched in the involved muscles of DM *** dot Serum IFN-lambda in IIM patients is correlated with disease activity and is higher in patients with ILD, skin lesions, and positive anti

关键词： IGF-1   IL-13   Immunity   Gut microbiota   Prevotella copri  

摘要： BackgroundThe gut microbiota has a profound effect on immunity and metabolic status of the host, which has increasingly attracted research communities. However, the intrinsic mechanism underlying the interplay among these three aspects remains *** immune states were established via shaping the population structure of gut microbiota with antibacterial agents. The gut microbiota population structures altered with the subtherapeutic level of antibacterial agents facilitated growth phenotype in both piglets and infant mice. Notably, increased colonization of Prevotella copri was observed in the intestinal microbiota, which shifted the immune balance from a CD4+ T cell-dominated population toward a T helper 2 cell (Th2) phenotype, accompanied by a significant elevation of interleukin-13 (IL-13) levels in the portal vein, which was found to display a strong positive correlation with hepatic insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels. Subsequent investigations unveiled that gut-derived IL-13 stimulated the production of hepatic IGF-1 by activating the IL-13R/Jak2/Stat6 pathway in vitro. The IGF-1 levels were increased in the muscles, leading to an upregulation of and resulted the increased genes associated with related to myofibrillar synthesis and differentiation, which ultimately improving the growth *** findings highlight the modification of gut immunity states as a central strategy for increasing anabolism of the host, which has significant implications for addressing human undernutrition/stunting, sarcopenia, obesity and related comorbidities.6McQiT2YyFVHMbM3Aew6C8Video AbstractConclusionsOur findings highlight the modification of gut immunity states as a central strategy for increasing anabolism of the host, which has significant implications for addressing human undernutrition/stunting, sarcopenia, obesity and related comorbidities.6McQiT2YyFVHMbM3Aew6C8Video Abstract

关键词： death   IL-6   influenza-associated encephalopathy   lymphocyte subsets   receiver operating characteristic  

摘要： Objective: This study aims to investigate the predictive value of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and lymphocyte subsets for death in children with influenza-associated encephalopathy (IAE). Patients: This study included 76 children with IAE who were divided into a death group and a survival group. The differences in the levels of IL-6 and lymphocyte subsets between the two groups were analyzed, and the predictive value of these two parameters was compared by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: The level of IL-6 and the percentage of natural killer (NK) cells in the death group were higher than those in the survival group (p <0.05). The percentage of CD4(+ )T cells and CD4(+)/CD8(+) levels in the death group were lower than those in the survival group. ROC curves were used for analysis, and the area under the curves (AUCs) of IL-6, the percentage of CD4(+) T cells, the percentage of CD4(+)/CD8(+), and the percentage of NK cells were 0.812, 0.810, 0.740, and 0.706, respectively. The AUC of the combination of these four metrics was 0.870. There was a little difference in the efficacy of the four clinical indicators, and the predictive efficacy of the combined test was higher than that of the single test. Conclusion: The IL-6 concentration, percentage of CD4(+) T cells, percentage of NK cells, and CD4(+)/CD8(+) have predictive value for death in children with IAE, and the combination of these four metrics has improved the predictive value.

关键词： Biomarker   Cerebrospinal fluid   IL-6   IL-10   SCNSL  

摘要： BackgroundAccurate diagnosis and therapeutic response to secondary central nervous system lymphoma (SCNSL) are challenges that need to be addressed. We assessed the value of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokine levels for diagnosis and post-therapeutic prognosis in patients with *** retrospective study included 234 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), including the SCNSL group (n = 57) and the non-SCNSL group (n = 177). The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the cytokine profiles between SCNSL and non-SCNSL group. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the diagnostic ability of CSF cytokine levels for SCNSL. The predictive value of CSF cytokine concentrations for progression free survival of patients with SCNSL was evaluated using a log-rank *** IL-6 and IL-10 levels in SCNSL group were significantly elevated compared with those in the other two groups. ROC curve showed that the cutoff values of IL-6 and IL-10 in CSF were 10.13 pg/ml and 7.82pg/ml, which yielded the diagnostic sensitivity were 62.34% and 76.23%, specificity were 87.57% and 88.31%, respectively. Furthermore, combining CSF IL-6 and IL-10 levels significantly improved the diagnostic efficacy. CSF IL-6 and IL-10 levels in SCNSL patients in complete remission under chemotherapy were significantly reduced. In addition, poor progression free survival (PFS) in patients with SCNSL was related to increased CSF IL-10 levels at diagnosis, but not with increased CSF IL-6 *** IL-6 and IL-10 levels are promising biomarkers for diagnosis and predictors of response for SCNSL.

关键词： 低温等离子体(LTP)   免疫原性细胞死亡(ICD)   树突状细胞(DC)  

摘要： 目的 比较低温等离子体（low-temperatureplasma，LTP）直接和等离子体活化液（plasma-activatedmedium，PAM）处理对黑色素瘤细胞免疫原性细胞死亡（immunogeniccelldeath，ICD）的诱导作用。方法 LTP直接处理和PAM处理黑色素瘤细胞B16F10细胞24h后，通过MTT检测细胞活力，使用流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡和细胞表面钙网蛋白（calreticulin，CRT）的表达情况，用ATP检测试剂盒检测培养液中三磷酸腺苷（adenosinetriphosphate，ATP）含量，使用ELISA法检测细胞培养液中高迁移率族蛋白1（high-mobilitygroupbox1，HMGB1）含量；用LTP处理的B16F10与未成熟的树突状细胞（dendriticcells，DCs）DC2.4细胞系共培养，流式细胞术检测DC表面分子（CD80和CD86）。结果 与对照组相比，两种处理方式均能导致B16F10细胞活力下降，细胞凋亡率增加，细胞内ROS增多，CRT表达升高、ATP和HMGB1分泌增加（P<0.05）。在相同处理时间下，LTP直接处理的B16F10细胞CRT表达和ATP释放高于PAM处理（P<0.05）。与DC2.4组相比，DC细胞成熟标志分子CD80在LTP-120s组、LTP-180s组、PAM-120s组、PAM-180s组表达比例升高，DC细胞成熟标志分子CD86在LTP-120s组、LTP-180s组、PAM-180s组的表达比例升高，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 LTP直接处理和PAM处理均可诱导黑色素瘤细胞发生ICD，LTP直接处理诱导效果更佳。

关键词： HTLV-I infection   toll-like receptor 7   polymorphism genetic   gene expression profile   interferon-alpha  

摘要： Introduction TLR7 detects the presence of single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) viruses, including human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1), and triggers antiviral and inflammatory responses that are responsible for infection control. Genetic variations in the TLR7 gene may alter cytokine production and influence the course of HTLV-1 infection. In the present study, the associations of TLR7 gene polymorphisms with HTLV-1-related symptoms, receptor expression levels, IFN-alpha and TNF-alpha levels and the proviral load were *** Blood samples from 159 individuals with HTLV-1 infection (66 with inflammatory diseases and 93 asymptomatic individuals) and 159 controls were collected. The genotyping of polymorphisms, TLR7 gene expression analysis and the quantification of the proviral load were performed by real-time PCR, and cytokine measurement was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results Carriers of the polymorphic allele for TLR7 rs179008 (A/T) had lower levels of IFN-alpha, while carriers of the polymorphic allele for TLR7 rs3853839 (C/G) had higher levels of TLR7 and IFN-alpha expression. The polymorphisms were not associated with symptoms of diseases related to HTLV-1 infection. The combination of A/G alleles for the TLR7 rs179008 (A/T) and TLR7 rs3853839 (C/G) polymorphisms was associated with increased IFN-alpha levels and a decreased proviral *** Although the polymorphisms did not influence the presence of symptoms of diseases caused by HTLV-1, carriers of the wild-type alleles for TLR7 rs179008 (A/T) and the polymorphism for TLR7 rs3853839 (C/G) appears to have a stronger antiviral response and increased infection control.

摘要： The RVd therapy, combining lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone, is a mainstay treatment for multiple myeloma. A multiple myeloma patient developed pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) following RVd treatment, despite the absence of common PRCA triggers. In vitro analyses reveal lenalidomide as a pivotal disruptor of erythropoiesis. Single-cell transcriptome analysis unveils hyperactive CD8+ T cells and impaired erythropoiesis in the patient's bone marrow. Unexpectedly, the patient's erythroid cells display abnormally high expression of genes in the antigen presentation pathway, particularly those for major histocompatibility class I (MHC-I) molecules. Functional assays demonstrate that lenalidomide treatment further augmented MHC-I expression in the patient's erythroid cells. Blocking MHC-I or depleting T cells alleviates the defective erythropoiesis of PRCA, suggesting that the interaction between erythroid cells with elevated MHC-I and T cells in the bone marrow might contribute to PRCA. Taken together, our study implicates a mechanism underlying lenalidomide-induced PRCA in treating cancer patients. On rare occasions, some multiple myeloma patients develop pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) following combination therapy for multiple myeloma. Here the authors characterise bone marrow cells from PRCA patients by single cell sequencing showing hyperactive CD8+ T cells, impaired erythropoiesis, increase of MHC-I proteins and antigen presentation associated genes in erythroid cells.