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关键词： 绒毛膜下血肿   肿瘤坏死因子-α   白细胞介素-10   妊娠结局  

摘要： 目的:分析肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)及白细胞介素-10(IL-10)在绒毛膜下血肿(SCH)发病风险中的预测价值。方法:将2023年1月至2024年3月在东莞市大朗医院进行治疗的50例SCH孕妇纳入观察组,将同期入院行常规产前检查的50例健康孕妇纳入对照组。采用化学发光法检测两组孕妇TNF-α、IL-10水平。比较两组孕妇TNF-α及IL-10表达及SCH孕妇治疗前后TNF-α及IL-10表达,比较两组孕妇的妊娠结局,并对TNF-α、IL-10表达与孕妇不良妊娠结局的相关性进行分析。结果:观察组孕妇TNF-α及IL-10表达均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,SCH孕妇TNF-α及IL-10表达均低于治疗前(P<0.05)。观察组早产率及流产率均高于对照组(P<0.05),足月分娩率低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组孕妇妊娠结局相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组孕妇胎盘早剥率相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。SCH孕妇不良妊娠结局发生率与TNF-α、IL-10表达呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:SCH孕妇普遍存在TNF-α、IL-10表达升高的情况,TNF-α、IL-10表达过高可对妊娠结局产生不良影响,检测TNF-α、IL-10表达有助于为临床明确诊断SCH提供参考。

关键词： 病毒性脑膜炎   脑脊液   神经元特异性烯醇化酶   淀粉样蛋白A   干扰素诱导蛋白-10   白细胞介素-23  

摘要： 目的探讨病毒性脑膜炎患者脑脊液神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、血清淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)、干扰素诱导蛋白-10(IP-10)和白细胞介素(IL)-23水平与病情进展的关系。方法选取2022年1月至2024年4月在该院确诊的108例病毒性脑膜炎患者作为研究对象,根据患者病情严重程度将其分为轻度组(63例)和中重度组(45例)。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测脑脊液NSE、IP-10、IL-23水平,采用免疫散射比浊法检测脑脊液SAA水平。比较轻度组和中重度组病毒性脑膜炎患者脑脊液NSE、SAA、IP-10、IL-23水平。所有患者均随访1个月,根据随访结果分为预后良好组和预后不良组,比较两组脑脊液NSE、SAA、IP-10、IL-23水平。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析脑脊液NSE、SAA、IP-10、IL-23单独及联合检测对病毒性脑膜炎严重程度的诊断价值。结果轻度组和中重度组年龄、性别、发热时间、低钾血症比例、感觉障碍比例比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。轻度组脑脊液NSE、SAA、IP-10、IL-23水平均低于中重度组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,脑脊液NSE、SAA、IP-10、IL-23单独及联合检测诊断病毒性脑膜炎严重程度的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.706、0.723、0.695、0.641、0.760,联合检测的AUC大于各项指标单独检测的AUC(P<0.05)。预后良好组纳入78例,预后不良组纳入30例。预后良好组脑脊液NSE、SAA、IP-10、IL-23水平均低于预后不良组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论脑脊液NSE、SAA、IP-10和IL-23水平显著升高与病情严重程度及预后效果有关,提示这些生物标志物可作为病毒性脑膜炎病情进展的重要预测因子。

关键词： 呼出气一氧化氮   外周血嗜酸粒细胞计数   免疫球蛋白E   肺功能   哮喘   相关性  

摘要： 目的:分析呼出气一氧化氮(FeNO)、外周血嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)计数、免疫球蛋白E(IgE)水平与哮喘患者肺功能指标水平的相关性。方法:选取2021年9月至2023年6月该院收治的120例哮喘患者为观察组,另选取同期该院120名健康体检者为对照组。检测两组FeNO、外周血EOS计数、IgE水平和肺功能指标[用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV_(1))、FEV_(1)/FVC]水平,比较两组FeNO、外周血EOS计数、IgE、FVC、FEV_(1)、FEV_(1)/FVC水平,采用Pearson相关性分析FeNO、外周血EOS计数、IgE水平与哮喘患者肺功能指标水平的相关性。结果:观察组FeNO、外周血EOS计数、IgE水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组FEV_(1)、FVC、FEV_(1)/FVC水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关性分析结果显示,FeNO、外周血EOS计数、IgE水平与FEV_(1)、FVC、FEV_(1)/FVC水平均呈负相关(r<0,P<0.05)。结论:FeNO、外周血EOS计数、IgE水平与哮喘患者FEV_(1)、FVC、FEV_(1)/FVC水平均呈负相关。

关键词： Anti-inflammatory   IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathway   Osteoarthritis   Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis larvae   RNA-sequencing  

摘要： Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex, degenerative, multi-factorial joint disease. Because of the difficulty in treating OA, developing new targeting strategies that can be used to understand its molecular mechanisms is critical. Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis larvae offer much therapeutic value;however, the presence of various active compounds and the multi-factorial risk factors for OA render the precise mechanisms of action unclear. A systematic transcriptome analysis was used to investigate the key mechanisms of action of P. brevitarsis seulensis larvae aqueous extract (PBSL) and its compounds on OA. Major mechanisms and transcription factors of PBSL were analyzed by profiling gene expression changes in interleukin (IL)-1β-induced human chondrosarcoma cell (SW1353) treated with PBSL. An in vitro assay was performed to validate the efficacy of the novel mechanism and targets of PBSL. PBSL exerted anti-inflammatory effects on SW1353 cells by regulating many molecular pathways. The IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathway was significantly downregulated by PBSL, and STAT3 was identified as a major transcription factor regulating PBSL-induced target gene expression. Of the six PBSL compounds, the major compound was regulated by the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathway. This study provided potential novel mechanisms and transcription factors for PBSL and its active compounds against OA and indicated that inhibiting the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathway is a therapeutic target for treating OA. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： 早期胃癌   血浆游离DNA   癌胚抗原   糖类抗原125   糖类抗原19-9  

摘要： 目的探讨血浆游离DNA(cfDNA)检测在胃癌早期诊断中的临床价值,并阐明cfDNA与血清肿瘤标志物联合检测在胃癌早期诊断中的临床应用价值。方法纳入180例有胃疾病的患者,根据年龄分为3组:<35岁,35~55岁,>55岁,随机选取90例患者进行外周血cfDNA检测。所有患者均接受胃镜检查和活组织病理检测,并检测糖类抗原125(CA-125)、癌胚抗原(CEA)和糖类抗原19-9(CA19-9)。比较各年龄段患者胃组织病理检测差异,不同病理组间cfDNA差异,以及cfDNA、CEA、CA-125和CA19-9单独检测及联合检测对早期胃癌诊断敏感度、特异度和诊断效能。结果随着年龄增大,胃癌前病变及早期胃癌发病率逐渐升高(P<0.05)。早期胃癌患者cfDNA水平显著高于胃癌前病变组及正常组(0.3995 VS.0.1586 ng/μL,0.3995 VS.0.0250 ng/μL,P<0.01)。胃癌前病变组cfDNA水平高于正常组(0.1586 VS.0.0250 ng/μL,P<0.05)。cfDNA在早期胃癌中的阳性率高于胃癌前病变组及正常组(75.65%VS.52.52%;75.65%VS.50.68%,P<0.05),而胃癌前病变组和正常组cfDNA阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。cfDNA、CEA、CA-125和CA19-9作为早期胃癌诊断标志物的敏感度分别为72.58%、65.12%、59.08%和62.38%,特异度分别为83.36%、86.23%、52.26%和55.35%。联合检测cfDNA、CEA、CA-125和CA19-9敏感度为84.46%,特异度为91.25%。cfDNA、CEA、CA-125、CA19-9和联合检测的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.74、0.79、0.51、0.52和0.91。结论在早期胃癌及胃癌前病变患者中cfDNA水平升高,联合检测cfDNA、CEA、CA-125和CA19-9可以提高早期胃癌诊断敏感度、特异度和诊断效能,因此cfDNA可作为早期胃癌潜在的辅助诊断标志物。

关键词： 中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值   空腹血糖   急性心肌梗死   交互作用  

摘要： 目的探讨中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio,NLR)和空腹血糖(fasting blood glucose,FBG)对急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)患者预后的交互作用。方法纳入诊断为AMI的患者436例,通过临床或电话联系对患者随访48(45,53)个月。分别研究NLR和FBG对心脏死亡的影响,并计算它们对心脏死亡的加性和乘性交互作用。结果随访期间,26例(6.0%)患者发生心脏死亡。NLR与FBG之间不存在乘性交互作用,但对心脏死亡有正加性交互作用。协同指数显示,同时暴露于这两种危险因素的心脏死亡风险是单独暴露于这两种危险因素的心脏死亡风险总和的5.894倍(P<0.05)。归因比显示,77.9%的心脏死亡可归因于NLR和FBG的交互作用(P<0.05),这意味着高NLR和高FBG同时存在时的影响大于它们单独存在时的影响。结论高NLR和高FBG具有积极的协同作用,为AMI患者的预后识别提供了额外的信息。

关键词： Agarose gel   Behcet’s disease   Electrophoresis   HLA-B51/5 allele   ICBD criteria  

摘要： Objective: To determine the association of HLA-B51/5 in patients of Behcet’s disease (BD) in local symptomatic patients. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Immunology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from August 2020 to July 2023. Methodology: Blood samples of 100 study participants, including 50 symptomatic patients of BD and 50 disease-free individuals (healthy controls), were taken. DNA was extracted and amplified using sequence-specific primers. Electrophoresis was conducted on 2% agarose gel to separate the DNA. The presence of HLA-B51/5 alleles was determined by analysing the unique band patterns visible on the gel under the ultraviolet light. Descriptive statistics were shown as mean ± SD. Chi-square test was employed to find any significant association between HLA-B51/5 and the disease group and its severity sub-groups. A p-value of less than 0.05 was deemed significant. Results: The majority of participants, 73 (73%), were females and 27 (27%) were males, with a mean age of 26.84 ± 5.31 years. HLA-B51/5 was positive in 33 of the BD patients (66.0%, <0.001) and 4 of the healthy controls (8.0%). There was no significant difference in HLA-B51 among mild, moderate, and severe BD sub-groups. Conclusion: HLA-B51/5 is strongly associated with BD in local population and serves as a useful tool for diagnosis of BD. However, it is not associated with the disease severity. © 2025 College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan. All rights reserved.

关键词： transvitreal retinochoroidal biopsy   tumor immune microenvironment   tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes   uveal melanoma  

摘要： PURPOSE. Immune cells in primary uveal melanoma (PUM) have mostly been studied in enucleated tissue, thereby precluding material from thinner, low-risk PUM tumors for research purposes. Here, we investigated the feasibility of using tumor tissue acquired by transvitreal retinochoroidal (TVRC) tumor biopsies to study the tumor immune microenvironment and relation to genetic risk class. METHODS. Collected tumor biopsies of 41 patients were tested for genetic aberrations to determine high-risk (n = 19), medium-risk (n = 12), and low-risk (n = 9) tumors and were digested for flow cytometry analysis of immune cell and tumor markers. In addition, 13 patient-matched enucleated tumors were stained using multiplex immunohistochemistry. RESULTS. Tumor biopsies showed a high variability in the degree of immune infiltration. The tumor-specific lymphocyte infiltration pattern correlated well with the infiltration pattern in patient-matched enucleations. High-risk tumors tended to have a higher abundance of CD8 T cells, which expressed activation markers CD39, CD69, and PD-1, with reduced CD127 expression. In general, low-risk tumors exhibited decreased human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I expression, coinciding with a higher abundance of natural killer (NK) cells (P = 0.0049), indicating a different lymphocyte infiltration pattern between low-, medium- and high-risk tumors. CONCLUSIONS. TVRC biopsies are a suitable and valuable source of PUM tissue for research purposes. An abundance of CD8 T cells was found in high-risk PUM tumors. Further, medium- and low-risk PUM tumors are characterized by decreased HLA class I expression with a concomitant increase in NK cell infiltration as compared to high-risk PUM tumors, correlating with decreased risk of disease recurrence. Copyright 2025 The Authors.

关键词： 开窍醒神针法   加味补阳还五汤   炎性因子   脑出血恢复期   气虚血瘀   基质金属蛋白酶-9   脑源性神经营养因子   脑血流量  

摘要： 目的探讨开窍醒神针法联合补阳还五汤在脑出血恢复期患者(气虚血瘀证)治疗中的应用价值,观察其对炎性指标、神经因子的影响。方法166例脑出血恢复期患者(气虚血瘀证)患者均于2021年9月至2023年10月在南昌市洪都中医院就诊,纳入研究前均随机分组。对照组83例采用常规西医治疗,观察组83例联合开窍醒神针法及补阳还五汤治疗,治疗8周后比较疗效。结果治疗后两组血清基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、内皮素-1(endothelin,ET-1)、白细胞介素-2(interleukin-2,IL-2)、同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(the Bcl-2-associated X protein,bax)降低,脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)升高,观察组改善更显著,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后观察组脑血管平均流量、脑血管平均流速升高,血管外周阻力降低,观察组改善更显著(P<0.05);治疗后观察组中医总症状积分降低,Fuel-Meyer功能评分(FMA评分)升高,观察组改善更显著(P<0.05);观察组总有效率93.98%(78/83),高于对照组的80.72%(67/83),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于脑出血恢复期患者(气虚血瘀证)而言应用开窍醒神针法及加味补阳还五汤有助于减轻炎症反应,促进血脑屏障恢复,改善脑血流量,促进神经功能恢复,提高临床疗效。

关键词： 急性心肌梗死   NT-proBNP   IL-6   心功能  

摘要： 目的探讨急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)患者细胞因子IL-6、IL-8、IL-1β水平变化的临床意义。方法选取30例急性心肌梗死合并心力衰竭患者为观察组,同期30例急性心肌梗死非心力衰竭患者为对照组。采用多重微球流式免疫荧光发光法检测IL-6、IL-8、IL-1β水平;酶联免疫法检测NT-proBNP水平。使用彩色多普勒超声显像仪检测左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、左室收缩末期容积(left ventricular end-systolic volume,LVESV)及左室舒张末期容积(left ventricular end-diastolic volume,LVEDV)。结果观察组患者血浆IL-6、NT-proBNP水平高于对照组(P<0.05);IL-8、IL-1β水平组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);LVEF低于对照组(P<0.05);LVESV、LVEDV组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Spearman相关分析显示,2组患者IL-6水平与LVEF呈负相关(r=-0.241,P<0.05),与NT-proBNP水平呈正相关(r=0.310,P<0.05);IL-8、IL-1β与NT-proBNP、LVEF及IL-6、IL-8、IL-1β与LVESV、LVEDV间无明显相关(P>0.05)。结论炎症反应在AMI后病情进展中起重要作用,IL-6可能参与了AMI后心力衰竭的发展,调整细胞因子水平可能成为治疗AMI后心衰新思路。