关键词： Coronavirus   Policy alternatives   Snow crab   Lobster   Landed prices   Revenue  

摘要： The coronavirus will have serious consequences for the fishing industry. The purpose here is to simulate price and revenue outcomes for Canadian lobster and snow crab markets under alternative policy shocks due to the coronavirus. Predictions are based on three policy scenarios representing upper and lower bounds on the range of possible landings and economic outcomes for the period 2019-2021. Based on past research, demand equations for both the lobster and snow crab markets are used to empirically simulate price projections. The results for snow crab are startling with predicted serious declines in price and generated revenue, particularly for Que ' bec and Newfoundland and Labrador (NL). Compared to 2018, projections suggest a decline in average revenue for 2021 of - 18% Gulf, - 32% Maritimes, - 53% Que ' bec, and - 57% NL. The outcome for lobster is not as bleak, projections showing a 21% decline in revenue for 2020 but with recovery in 2021.

关键词： Artemisia argyi fermentation Liquid   Salmonella typhimurium   Lactobacillus plantarum   Virulence gene   Bacteria load   Intestinal barrier  

摘要： Immediate attention has been drawn to the discovery of anti-infection strategies to avoid rapid development of antibiotic resistance in pathogens. Our prior study has demonstrated that probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum WLPL01-fermented Artemisia argyi liquid broth could inhibit the growth of Listeria monocytogenes CMCC54007 and Candida albicans ATCC14053. In this study antagonistic effect of Artemisia argyi fermentation liquid (AAFL) on Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC13311 was systematically evaluated by culture inhibition assay in vitro, adhesion and invasion assays using HT-29 cell line, and measurements of epithelial barrier integrity and cytokines in mice. Results showed that AAFL (50, 25 and 15 mg/mL) significantly inhibited the growth of S. Typhimurium ATCC13311 in vitro (P < 0.05);5 mg/mL of AAFL achieved maximal reduction of adhesion and invasion rate by 41.92% and 24.03%, respectively, and down-regulated sipA by 5.26 folds in HT-29 cell line. Anti-infection experiment in mice showed that 25 mg/mL of AAFL significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the load of S. Typhimurium ATCC13311 in gastrointestinal tract (ileum, colon and cecum) and internal organs (liver, spleen and MLN), improved epithelial barrier integrity, and decreased physiological score as well as the levels of proinflammation cytokines in the serum. In conclusion, AAFL might be a potential probiotic fermentation liquid against S. Typhimurium infection.

关键词： Dietary   Herbal   Body Based   Cognitive Behavioral Therapy   Acupuncture   Abdominal Pain  

摘要： BACKGROUND & AIMS: Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may pursue complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). We conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis examining efficacy of CAM vs. placebo or sham in adults with IBS. METHODS: Publication databases were searched for randomized controlled trials of CAM therapies (herbal therapy, dietary supplements, mind-body based, body-based, and energy-healing) in adults with IBS. Data were extracted to obtain pooled estimates of mean improvement in abdominal pain (standardized mean difference [SMD]) and relative risk (RR) of overall response using random effects models. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses along with quality assessments were completed. RESULTS:Among 2825 articles identified, 66 were included. Herbal therapy (SMD =0.47, 95% CI: 0.20 to 0.75, I-2 =82%) demonstrated significant benefit over placebo for abdominal pain (low confi- dence in estimates). Benefit with mind-body based therapy for abdominal pain was of borderline significance (SMD = 0.29, 95% CI: -0.01 to 0.59, I-2 = 78%). Herbal therapy (RR= 1.57, 95% CI: 1.31 to 1.88, I-2 =77%), dietary supplements (RR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.02 to 3.73, I-2 = 75%), and mind-body based therapy (RR= 1.67, 95% CI: 1.13 to 2.49, I-2 =63%) showed benefit for overall response compared to placebo (low confidence in estimates). Body-based and energy healing therapies demonstrated no significant benefit over placebo or sham for abdominal pain or overall response. CONCLUSIONS: CAM therapies such as herbal or dietary supplements and mind-body based approaches may be beneficial for abdominal pain and overall response in IBS. However, overall quality of evidence is low. Rigorous, high quality clinical trials are warranted to investigate CAM in IBS.

摘要： Introduction Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) interventions, such as honey, have been well-documented in reducing pain following tonsillectomy procedures. Identification of the problem CAM is oftentimes overlooked when it comes to the treatment of pain, particularly when it comes to children. With the new restrictions placed on opioid prescribing, more research is needed to find alternative ways to manage children's pain. Purpose of the Study Our study aimed to assess parents’ CAM use for their own health and their child's health. Further, we assessed parents’ willingness to use various forms of CAM for their child's health in the future. Methodology Parents (n = 64) were recruited by a nurse at the time of their child's tonsillectomy procedure to participate in a study on CAM and children's postoperative pain. Following informed consent, parents completed online surveys through REDCap about their use of CAM, CAM beliefs, and willingness to use CAM for their child's health. Results Over half of parents (62.5%) reported using CAM for their own health. Parents had tried an average of 3.2 (SD = 3.38) forms of CAM (most common: natural supplements, chiropractic or massage, and relaxation strategies). Similarly, parents had tried an average of 2.12 (SD = 2.60) forms of CAM for their child's health with 59.4% of parents trying at least one form of CAM for their child. Most commonly used forms of CAM for children were honey of bee products (37.5%), aromatherapy (34.3%), and natural supplements (26.5%). Discussion The majority of parents had some experience with CAM interventions and had tried CAM for their child's health. However, a significant minority of parents had never tried CAM interventions. Conclusion CAM interventions could be acceptable to parents for use in managing children's pain. Honey appears to be the most commonly tried form of CAM for children and could have potential utility for use following tonsillectomy procedures. Implications for periane

关键词： outcomes   includes mortality   morbidity   aortic valve and root   heart valve   transapical   percutaneous   TAVI  

摘要： Background Numerous studies have documented the safety of alternatives access (AA) transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for patients who are not candidates for transfemoral or surgical approach. There is a scarcity of studies relating use of AA TAVR in nonagenarian patients, a high-risk, frail group. Our study sought to investigate the clinical outcomes of nonagenarians who underwent AA TAVR for aortic stenosis, with comparison of nonagenarians age >= 90 years with patients age <90 years. Methods A cohort study of 171 consecutive patients undergoing AA TAVR (transapical [TA, n =101, 59%], transaxillary [TAX, n =56, 33%], transaortic [TAO, n =11, 6%], and transcarotid [TC, n =3, 2%]) from 2012 to 2019 was analyzed. Baseline, operative, and postoperative characteristics, as well as actuarial survival outcomes, were compared. Results AA TAVR patients had decreased aortic valve gradients with no difference detected in nonagenarians and younger patients. Operative mortality was 8% ( n =14;nine TA, three TAO, and two TAX). Compared to younger patients, significantly more nonagenarians were recorded to have new onset atrial fibrillation (7 vs. 5%, p <0.01*). No significant difference in mortality or postoperative complications, such as stroke, pacemaker requirements, was detected. Actuarial survival at 1 and 5 years was 86 versus 87% (nonagenarians vs younger patients) and 36 versus 22%, respectively, with log-rank=0.97. Conclusion AA TAVR in nonagenarian patients who are not candidates for transfemoral approach can be efficaciously performed with comparable clinical outcomes to younger patients, age <90 years. Furthermore, some access sites should be avoided when possible;notably TA was associated with increased mortality, stroke, and new onset atrial fibrillation.

关键词： cancer   chaperone   heat‐   shock protein   neurodegeneration   PQC   protein aggregate   protein degradation   protein triage   ubiquitin   ubiquitination  

摘要： Protein misfolding is a major driver of ageing-associated frailty and disease pathology. Although all cells possess multiple, well-characterised protein quality control systems to mitigate the toxicity of misfolded proteins, how they are integrated to maintain protein homeostasis ('proteostasis') in health-and how their disintegration contributes to disease-is still an exciting and fast-paced area of research. Under physiological conditions, the predominant route for misfolded protein clearance involves ubiquitylation and proteasome-mediated degradation. When the capacity of this route is overwhelmed-as happens during conditions of acute environmental stress, or chronic ageing-related decline-alternative routes for protein quality control are activated. In this review, we summarise our current understanding of how proteasome-targeted misfolded proteins are retrafficked to alternative protein quality control routes such as juxta-nuclear sequestration and selective autophagy when the ubiquitin-proteasome system is compromised. We also discuss the molecular determinants of these alternative protein quality control systems, attempt to clarify distinctions between various cytoplasmic spatial quality control inclusion bodies (e.g., Q-bodies, p62 bodies, JUNQ, aggresomes, and aggresome-like induced structures 'ALIS'), and speculate on emerging concepts in the field that we hope will spur future research-with the potential to benefit the rational development of healthy ageing strategies.