关键词： 乐游原   通假字   星巴克   游乐园  

摘要： “乐游原?这是不是写错了,咋能是乐游原,不是游乐园么。”“嗨,谁知道呢?可能是通假字吧,上学的古文里都有的。”“通假字也不能弄反顺序吧?”“管他呢,你想喝啥?星巴克还是奈雪?”蹲在路边抽烟的工夫,路过的一对年轻恋人间的对话,逗乐了百无聊赖的我,看着年轻人渐渐远去的身影,我情不自禁地暗自笑了笑。

关键词： Cytokines   Epileptic biomarkers   Inflammation   Immunodetection   Nano dot blot   Seizures  

摘要： Background: Dot blot technique has been used in a similar way to western blotting, with the major difference being the lack of protein separation with electrophoresis. Protein samples are spotted over a membrane paper, the identification and quantification of a protein is achieved by immunodetection procedures such as colorimetry, fluorescence or chemiluminescence. This technique is widely accepted, but it uses large amounts of sample and antibodies to reveal the presence of the target protein. Significant milestones have been reached to achieve better results with the use of less sample and reagents;however, the ninety-six-well format is still in use. New method: In this work, we propose an innovation to this technique, reducing the amount of sample and antibodies to identify a specific protein when compared to the regular dot blot method. Procedure consists of using a sample volume of approximately 200 nanoliters deposited with a multineedle device developed by our group. Results: Five samples of standard protein or antigen can be spotted in a Cartesian format to identify and quantify the protein involved in physiological or pathological conditions. In addition, at least five replicates of sample or antigen are used to enable better statistics to calculate the concentration of every standard and the protein present in a sample. Conclusions: Hundreds of samples can be deposited in a few minutes and analyzed in a single experimental session. To validate this method, which we called nano dot blot, six proteins involved in the inflammation process were tested in acute and chronic rat models of seizures.

关键词： Alternative mating tactics   Sensory differentiation   Solitary bees  

摘要： Alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) occur when there is categorical variation in the reproductive strategies of a sex within a population. These different behavioral phenotypes can expose animals to distinct cognitive challenges, which may be addressed through neuroanatomical differentiation. The dramatic phenotypic plasticity underlying ARTs provides a powerful opportunity to study how intraspecific nervous system variation can support distinct cognitive abilities. We hypothesized that conspecific animals pursuing ARTs would exhibit dissimilar brain architecture. Dimorphic males of the bee species Centris pallida and Amegilla dawsoni use alternative mate location strategies that rely primarily on either olfaction (large-morph) or vision (small-morph) to find females. This variation in behavior led us to predict increased volumes of the brain regions supporting their primarily chemosensory or visual mate location strategies. Large-morph males relying mainly on olfaction had relatively larger antennal lobes and relatively smaller optic lobes than small-morph males relying primarily on visual cues. In both species, as relative volumes of the optic lobe increased, the relative volume of the antennal lobe decreased. In addition, A. dawsoni large males had relatively larger mushroom body lips, which process olfactory inputs. Our results suggest that the divergent behavioral strategies in ART systems can be associated with neuroanatomical differentiation.

关键词： RNA   epitranscriptomic regulation   YTHDF2   YTHDC1   HIV-1   splicing   RNA stability  

摘要： Previous work has demonstrated that the epitranscriptomic addition of m(6)A to viral transcripts can promote the replication and pathogenicity of a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses, including HIV-1, yet the underlying mechanisms responsible for this effect have remained unclear. It is known that m(6)A function is largely mediated by cellular m(6)A binding proteins or readers, yet how these regulate viral gene expression in general, and HIV-1 gene expression in particular, has been controversial. Here, we confirm that m(6)A addition indeed regulates HIV-1 RNA expression and demonstrate that this effect is largely mediated by the nuclear m(6)A reader YTHDC1 and the cytoplasmic m(6)A reader YTHDF2. Both YTHDC1 and YTHDF2 bind to multiple distinct and overlapping sites on the HIV-1 RNA genome, with YTHDC1 recruitment serving to regulate the alternative splicing of HIV-1 RNAs. Unexpectedly, while YTHDF2 binding to m(6)A residues present on cellular mRNAs resulted in their destabilization as previously reported, YTHDF2 binding to m(6)A sites on HIV-1 transcripts resulted in a marked increase in the stability of these viral RNAs. Thus, YTHDF2 binding can exert diametrically opposite effects on RNA stability, depending on RNA sequence context.

关键词： Inland ship   Decarbonisation   Battery power   Hybrid power   LCA   LCCA  

摘要： In the context of harsh emission control and ecological environment protection, the shipping industry is transforming and upgrading towards greening, decarbonisation, and electrification. The energy and power types of inland ships are becoming increasingly diversified. It is urgently important to investigate strategies for decarbonising inland ship power systems. First, the development status of inland shipping in China is introduced with respect to shipping resources, existing problems, and driving factors of green development. Then, the power requirements of inland ships and the characteristics of new power systems are analysed, and on this basis, alternative solutions for inland ship power systems are proposed. Two case studies are carried out, focussed on canal and Yangtze River ships using battery power and hybrid power, respectively. Moreover, environmental and economic impacts during the life cycle of the two typical alternative solutions are assessed. Finally, an uncertainty analysis method is adopted to assess the reliability of the life cycle assessment and life cycle cost assessment results. The results indicate that compared with traditional diesel power, battery power and hybrid power have lower lifetime CO2 emissions and costs, under four considered carbon credit scenarios. The proposed alternative solutions and assessment methods are of significance for guiding the low-carbon development of inland ship power. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： 西部地区   人才引进   高层次人才  

摘要： 贵州省的高质量发展离不开各级各类高层次人才的加入、支持与奉献。文章通过分析贵州省与广东、上海、山东、江苏、重庆、四川的高层次人才引进工作区别,探索出符合贵州省的高层次人才引进政策与措施主要有:政府部门应加强宣传本地的人才引进政策;用人单位应根据自身实际情况,精准定位所需人才缺口;实施多维补贴机制,以更有效的方式保证人才引进工作得以有效开展;注重线上平台的开发,拓宽引进渠道,且重视引进行业企业优秀人才;优化人才环境等,以供参考。

关键词： Induction furnace steel slag   Concrete   Density   Compressive strength   Gamma   Radiation shielding   Half value layer  

摘要： The present study aims in developing high density radiation shielding composite using induction furnace (IF) steel slag as an aggregate (coarse/fine) in concrete. IF steel slag is incorporated in concrete specimens (Mix a - 0% of slag, Mix b - 40% of slag as coarse aggregate, Mix c - 40% of slag as coarse aggregate and 100% as fine aggregate) of size 150 x 150 x 50 mm were fabricated. The presence of various iron (Fe) phases such as hematite, iscorite and almandine in IF steel slag composite were confirmed by XRD analysis. Presently, these types of materials are obtained from natural resources are in use for gamma radiation shielding. Density and compressive strength were studied, further concrete blocks were subjected to irradiation using gamma radiation sources such as 137Cs (0.662 MeV) and 60Co (1.17 and 1.33 MeV). Concrete specimen morphologies and structural changes of before and after irradiation have been studied using SEM and XRD analysis. The results show that replacement of 40% as coarse aggregate and 100% as fine aggregate of slag in concrete increases the density and compressive strength of conventional concrete from 2.38 g cm-3 to 2.85 g cm-3 and 27.20 N mm-2 to 29.38 N mm-2 respectively. Gamma Attenuation Factor (GAF), Linear Attenuation Co-efficient (LAC) and Half Value Layer (HVL) are better than the conventional concrete. Mix c can be a cost-effective alternate composite for radiation shielding studies and can reduce the exploitation of natural resources.

关键词： Liquefaction   Solvents   Biomass   Pinewood   Bio-oil   Glycerol derivatives  

摘要： Thermochemical liquefaction can convert lignocellulosic biomass into a chemical platform for alternative biofuels or chemical synthons. The process is conducted with a solvent and an acidic catalyst at mild temperatures and atmospheric pressure. Most solvents used to conduct the process are petroleum-based. Studies involving more sustainable solvents are needed so that the global process can also be more sustainable and cleaner. The surplus of glycerol (e.g., biodiesel production), once derived from a vegetable source, can be converted into renewable and sustainable solvents, thus turning the liquefaction process cleaner. Pinewood shaves were liquefied with 2-ethylhexanol, set as a reference solvent, resulting in a biomass conversion of 71.2%. The liquefaction with the different solvents was carried out under the same conditions using pure solvents or combined with 2-ethylhexanol. The process with cyclic carbonates, from propylene and glycerol, led to the highest conversions, 96.5% and 98.7%, respectively. Additionally, the use of two glycerol acetals, solketal and formal glycerol, afforded bio-oils with high conversion rates, as well (>95%). On the other hand, the liquefaction of the biomass with propylene glycol converted to 79.4%. The bio-oils obtained from pinewood shaves' liquefaction with glycerol carbonate and propylene carbonate led to significantly better calorific properties than those from the biomass itself. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： 依替米星   抗菌药   重症肺炎   呼吸力学   血气指标   细胞因子  

摘要： 目的探讨依替米星+抗菌药治疗老年重症肺炎的效果。方法随机数字表法将70例老年重症肺炎患者分为实验组与对照组各35例,两组均给予机械通气治疗,在此基础上给予对照组亚胺培南西司他丁钠治疗14 d,给予实验组硫酸依替米星联合头孢他啶治疗14 d,对比两组治疗效果,治疗前后呼吸力学(气道峰压(PIP)、呼吸做功(WOB)、肺动态顺应性(Cdyn))、血气指标(动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2)))、血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))及细胞因子(干扰素(INF)-γ、白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-4、IL-10、IL-17、转化生长因子(TGF)-β)水平变化。结果实验组总有效率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后实验组PIP、WOB、PaCO_(2)、INF-γ、IL-6、IL-17水平低于对照组,Cdyn、PaO_(2)、SaO_(2)、IL-4、IL-10、TGF-β水平均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。结论依替米星联合抗菌药治疗老年重症肺炎可取得良好治疗效果,有效改善患者呼吸力学、血气及细胞因子指标。