关键词： Bayesian   complementary and alternative therapies   network meta-analysis   non-alcoholic fatty liver disease   protocols  

摘要： Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a global pandemic, and its incidence is increasing year by year. At present, there are no definite curative drugs for the treatment of NAFLD in modern medicine. Surprisingly, complementary and alternative therapies play an important role and have special advantages. In this study, we will adopt Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) to evaluate the efficiency and safety of complementary therapy and alternative therapies for NAFLD. Methods: We will collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to the treatment of NAFLD in PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNKI, and other databases. Two reviewers will screen the literature and extract data in line with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then assess the risk of bias according to Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. The Bayesian NMA will be performed by Stata16.0 and WinBUGS1.4.3. Results: Our study will compare and rank the efficacy and safety of diverse complementary and alternative therapies for NAFLD. Conclusion: This study can provide credible evidence for the efficacy and safety of complementary therapies and alternative therapies in the treatment of NAFLD. We expect to assist clinicians and patients to choose the optimal therapeutic regimen. Protocol registration number: INPLASY2020120136.

关键词： 中学生   劳动教育   荣誉感  

摘要： 劳动思想,应该成为学生终身的学习追求,在平时,要注意将劳动教育思想,渗透在学科教学中,同时,借助学科特点,巧妙地将劳动教育融入其中.

关键词： Permanent hair dyes   p-Phenylenediamine (PPD)   Allergic contact dermatitis   Skin sensitization   Cytotoxicity  

摘要： Most of the permanent hair dye products contain p-phenylenediamine (PPD), a well-known skin sensitizer. PPD may cause cutaneous reactions and leads to allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), a condition with major medical and financial repercussions. Hair dye-induced ACD represents a growing concern both for consumers and the cosmetics industry. In this study we introduced novel side chains on the PPD molecule with the goal of over-coming the hazard potential of PPD. Our strategy relies on the replacement of the colorless PPD with new, larger and intrinsically colorled PPD derivatives to reduce dermal penetration and thus the skin sensitization potential. We synthesized two oligomers with bulky side-chains, which displayed 7-8 times lower cytotoxicity than PPD, a significantly weaker sensitization potential (22.0 % and 23.8 % versus 55.5 % for PPD) in the Direct Peptide Reactivity Assay, minimal cumulative penetration through excised skin and an intrinsic ability to colour and preserve the nuance when applied on bleached hair. The lower skin permeation and sensitizing potential are absolutely crucial and give a clear advantage of our products over other standards. These novel PPD hair dyes show significantly less hazard potential than PPD and may, upon further risk assessment studies, replace PPD in consumer care products.

摘要： 木叶是一位"跨界"诗人,他既写诗,也写小说和散文.但我以《"跨界"的写作》为题来讨论他的诗歌创作,还有别的意思.对于写作者来说,文体的"跨界"也许并不具有什么特别的意义.几乎所有伟大的作家在文体上都是"跨界"的.歌德既是一位伟大的诗人,也是一位伟大的小说家和剧作家,普希金和歌德的情况极其类似,这两位都是文豪级的伟大作家.离我们近一些的,是哈代和布莱希特,越来越多的人认为哈代的诗歌创作成就高于他的小说创作;随着布莱希特的诗歌越来越多地被译成汉语,布莱希特作为一位伟大的诗人的形象,已经超过他作为一位优秀的剧作家的形象,相信这一点会很快在汉语的写作者当中形成共识——对于正处在写作旺盛期的木叶,我们无法预期他写作的未来.在这样一篇短文里,我想着重讨论的,是木叶诗歌创作"内部"的"跨界"问题.

关键词： Bayesian   complementary and alternative therapies   network meta-analysis   primary trigeminal neuralgia   protocol  

摘要： Background: Primary trigeminal neuralgia (PTN) is a type of peripheral neuralgia that seriously affects people's lives. In recent years, complementary therapies and alternative therapies have played a significant role in treating PTN. However, there is a lack of comparison among all the complementary and alternative therapies at present. Thus, the aim of this study is to discuss the efficacy and safety of diverse complementary and alternative therapies by Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA). Methods: We will retrieve the Chinese and English databases to gather related randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of complementary and alternative therapies for treating PTN. The deadline is November 2020. Two independent researchers will be in charge of screening qualified literature, extracting data, and independently evaluating bias risks involved in the research. Pairwise meta-analysis and Bayesian network meta-analysis will be performed to assess all evidence. Then, we will use STATA16.0 as well as WinBUGS1.4.3 software for data analysis. Besides, the quality of NMA evidence will be classified by grading of recommendations assessment development and evaluation (GRADE). Results: This study will compare and rank the efficacy and safety of different complementary and alternative therapies in treating primary trigeminal neuralgia. Conclusion: Complementary and alternative therapies play an essential role in treating primary trigeminal neuralgia. We expect our study will furnish meaningful evidence support for clinicians and patients. Protocol registration number: INPLASY2020120026. Ethical approval: Since the study is based on published or registered RCTs, ethical approval and patient informed consent are abandoned.

关键词： Bayesian   complementary and alternative therapies   network meta-analysis   precancerous lesion of gastric cancer   protocol  

摘要： Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, which seriously affect peoples quality of life and threaten people's health. Precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PLGC) are a critical stage in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. Early effective intervention is an important means to prevent and control gastric cancer. In this study, we will evaluate the efficacy and safety of complementary and alternative therapies in the treatment of PLGC by Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA). Methods: We will search PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNKI and other databases to gather randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the treatment of PLGC with complementary and alternative therapies. Two reviewers will screen the literature and extract the data according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then assess the quality and bias risk according to Cochrane's Risk of Bias Assessment Tool. Bayesian network meta-analysis will be conducted by Stata16.0 and WinBUGS1.4.3. Results: This study will compare and rank the efficacy and safety of different complementary and alternative therapies for PLGC. Conclusion: This study can provide reliable evidence for the efficacy and safety of complementary and alternative therapies in treatment of PLGC. We expect to provide scientific and rigorous evidence support for clinicians and patients, and then assist them to choose the optimum treatment. Protocol registration number: INPLASY2020120077.

关键词： 数学   学科融合   策略  

摘要： 随着我国教育体制的不断改革,如何挖掘各学科特点提高学科相互融合的教学价值,并优化学生学科核心素养已经成为诸多学校和教师共同关注的教学重点。对于初中阶段的数学教学而言不仅包含了相应的数学基础文化知识,同时为了加强初中生的观察理解,思考,推理,归纳总结等能力,教材当中还特意添加了和各个学科之间相互关联内容。目的就是让学生能够了解数学学科在实际生活中的应用价值,发掘数学学科的多种美的角度。本文阐述了数学学科的特性,并针对初中数学和其他学科之间相互融合的有效策略进行了细致分析。

关键词： Supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle   Solar power tower   Eutectic salt   Thermodynamic optimization   Molten salt  

摘要： Heat transfer fluids play a crucial role in solar thermal power plants. Several novel salt formulas with higher temperature limit, such as MgCl2-KCl, have been proposed to serve as heat transfer fluids in a solar power tower system with S-CO2 cycles. Although the thermophysical properties of these novel salt formulas have been obtained in previous studies, it is necessary to evaluate their performances from the viewpoint of system-level analysis. This paper develops an integrated model for the solar power tower plants with a recompression S-CO2 Brayton cycle, and the performances of the MgCl2-KCl salt are evaluated based on the thermodynamic analyses and multi-objective optimizations about the system. The results indicate that: (1) Attributed to the higher heat source temperature, the system with MgCl2-KCl can achieve a slightly higher system efficiency and a significantly larger specific work than the conventional solar salt;(2) Reheating is not recommended for solar power tower plant with supercritical CO2 Brayton cycles when high-temperature MgCl2-KCl serves as heat transfer fluid;(3) The MgCl2-KCl solar power tower system without reheating enlarges the temperature difference between hot salt and cold salt and thus needs less molten salt for the thermal storage than the solar salt system;(4) The novel MgCl2-KCl salt has no advantages under the conditions with the operating temperature lower than 565 degrees C, which yields lower system efficiency and smaller specific work than the conventional solar salt due to the higher pump consumption associated with its higher viscosity. (c) 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd.