摘要： Objective Inadequate vein quality or prior harvest precludes the use of autologous single-segment great saphenous vein (ssGSV) in many patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). How the clinical characteristics and the use of alternat...

关键词： Raw waste animal fats   Free acidity reduction   Animal fats refining   Bioliquids production   Liquid biofuels  

摘要： Three different waste animal fats (bone, chicken, and tallow) have been studied to evaluate whether they could be used as bioliquids according to the European Regulation (EC) No.1069/2009. The analyses showed that they contained an unsuitable amount of free fatty acids (FFA) and impurities content (total sediment) if compared with the standards for power generation (set by UNI 6579:2009), with the exception of tallow fat (class C, UNI/TS 11163:2018). A series of physical-chemical processes already applied at industrial scale have been considered to manage the acid value and the impurities content. The FFA esterification was carried out with methanol, comparing two acid catalysts (sulfuric acid or Amberlyst - 15), followed by neutralization of the residual acidity with two different bases (ammonia solution or solid sodium carbonate monohydrate) when necessary. The final purification has been achieved by treatment with powdered activated carbon. In particular, the bone fat was studied as reference material, having the worst initial physical-chemical characteristics. The UNI/TS 11163:2018 standard would allow to classify the bioliquid from bone fat belonging to class B, while the one from chicken would require further degumming and purification processes to reduce the metals, sulfur, and phosphorus content.

摘要： (no summary available)

关键词： Nocardia   immunocompromised   trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole   sulfa   drug allergy   bacteria   fungi   Pneumocystis jirovecii   respiratory infections  

摘要： Prophylactic trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) prevents Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and nocardiosis in immunocompromised patients but sometimes is avoided because of purported allergies or side effects. Of 25 immunocompromised patients receiving alternative prophylaxis in whom nocardiosis developed, 16 subsequently tolerated TMP/SMX treatment. Clinicians should consider TMP/SMX allergy evaluation and rechallenging to assess patient tolerance.

关键词： Clay smear   SGR   Footwall   Mudstone distribution   ASGR  

摘要： Clay smear is an important formation mechanism of fault lateral sealing. The Shale Gouge Ratio (SGR) is often used to quantitatively predict clay smear, but the SGR mechanism only considers the clay smear of the hanging wall, ignoring the clay smear of the footwall and the influence of the mudstone distribution. Thus, the application of SGR is not effective in certain cases. In this paper, based on a dynamic evolution model of clay smear in shallow siliciclastic rocks, the problems of SGR application are analyzed and ameliorated, and the Advanced Shale Gouge Ratio (ASGR) index for evaluating clay smears is proposed. We add two factors, the clay smear of the footwall and the mudstone distribution, to the clay smear evaluation and propose two ASGR algorithms, which differ according to whether each interior point in an individual mudstone is regarded as an independent calculation unit or all interior points are taken as a whole. The ASGR index is applied to an exploration case study of the Kendong uplift of the Bohai Bay Basin. The ASGR results of fault F1 show that, the clay smear effect of the footwall is superior to that of the hanging wall in most cases, and sometimes only the footwall plays a key role in clay smear, which illustrates the importance of the clay smear of the footwall. This study reveals the ASGR as an alternative method for the fault sealing evaluation of shallow siliciclastic rocks and can serve as a helpful reference for further research in this area.

关键词： carob kibble   kvass   S   boulardii   L   plantarum   gallic acid   HMF  

摘要： BACKGROUND Non-diary beverages with probiotic properties are of great interest nowadays. In this research, we evaluated the suitability of carob kibbles in the manufacture of kvass. Kvass is a low-alcohol drink popular in Central and Eastern Europe and indicated as a potential non-diary beverage with probiotic properties. Therefore, the viability of probiotic strains of Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces boulardii during 4 weeks' storage in manufactured beverages was tested. RESULTS Carob kibbles introduced significant amounts of phenolic compounds into kvasses, especially gallic acid (up to 117.45 +/- 10.56 mg L-1), and improved antiradical activity up to 78% after fermentation. Moreover, fermentation efficiently reduced furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural content in samples up to 12.9% and 29.9%, respectively. Kvasses with rye malt extract possessed coffee-like, chocolate-like, roasted and caramel-like odours and a more bitter taste. Whereas kvass with carob kibbles was characterized by fruit-like odour and sweeter taste. Fermentation contributed to a creation as well as degradation of volatiles. L. plantarum exhibited higher general mortality during storage, whereas, in the case of S. boulardii, the viability was significantly higher regardless of the sample composition. CONCLUSION This is the first study reporting the use of carob kibbles for kvass production. The obtained results showed that carob kibbles can replace rye malt extract, at least partially, in the production of kvass, giving to the product added health benefits. Moreover, S. boulardii is a better choice for production of kvass with probiotic properties. (c) 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

关键词： liver transplant   cardiac surgery   end-stage liver disease  

摘要： Background: The results of cardiac surgery in patients with end-stage-liver-disease (ESLD) are poor. Concomitant cardiac surgery and orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) may be an alternative treatment strategy in these patients. Methods: Between 2001 and 2018, eight patients underwent concomitant cardiac surgery and OLT (Conc_OLT) in our institution. We analyzed their preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative data and compared them to seven high risk patients with ESLD who underwent isolated cardiac surgery (Iso_Surg). Results: The two groups were not significantly different in terms of gender and age (Conc_OLT: 5 males, 55 +/- 15 years, Iso_Surg: 4 males, 60 +/- 10 years). Causes for ESLD were primary biliary cirrhosis (Conc_OLT = 1, Iso_Surg = 1), alcoholism (Conc_OLT = 2, Iso_Surg = 2), viral hepatitis (Conc_OLT = 2, Iso_Surg = 2), cryptogenic (Conc_OLT = 2, Iso_Surg = 1), ischemic (Conc_OLT = 1) and hepatocellular carcinoma (Iso_Surg = 1). Model for End-stage-Liver-Disease (MELD) Score (Conc_OLT = 14, Iso_Surg = 13) and Child-Pugh Score (Conc_OLT = 9.5, Iso_Surg = 8) were not significantly different between the two groups. Median logistic European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) was 9.5% (Conc_OLT) and 7.1% (Iso_Surg). Cardiac procedures undertaken were aortic valve replacement (Conc_OLT = 6, Iso_Surg = 3), coronary bypass grafting (Conc_OLT = 1,Iso_Surg = 2), tricuspid valve repair (Conc_OLT = 1), combined aortic and mitral valve replacement (Iso_Surg = 1) and excision of atrial myxoma (Iso_Surg = 1). Median length of in-hospital-stay was longer in the Conc_OLT group (73 vs. 42 days;p = 0.11). At 3 months, in-hospital mortality was 25% in the Conc_OLT group (n = 2) and lower compared to 71% observed in the Iso_Surg group (n = 5, p = 0.13). Conclusion: Concomitant cardiac surgery and OLT is a promising alternative compared to isolated cardiac surgery in high risk patients with ESLD. Given the high operative mortality of cardiac s

关键词： Life Sciences   general   Biotechnology   Biomedicine   Agriculture   Biomedical Engineering/Biotechnology   Bioinformatics  

摘要： A new wave of funding focuses on antiviral nanomaterials as pandemic countermeasures.

关键词： prostatic neoplasms   androgen deprivation therapy   antineoplastic agents   hormonal  

摘要： Purpose: Phase-III randomized control trial evidence suggests intermittent androgen deprivation therapy (IADT) is not significantly inferior to continuous androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for patients with prostate cancer (PC). However, clinical practice and guidelines differ in their recommendations. We evaluate real-world utilization and practice patterns of IADT. Materials and Methods: Ontario men >= 65 years of age with PC who initiated ADT for >= 3 months were identified (1997-2017). Lapses in ADT >= 6 months (initial gap) and >= 3 months (subsequent gaps) were used to classify IADT. Neoadjuvant/adjuvant therapy was excluded. Disease stage adjustment was completed for patients with likely metastatic disease based on de novo presentation with ADT. Patient and physician predictors of IADT were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Results: We identified 8,544 patients with 1,715 having previously received local therapy. Among all patients, 16.4% received IADT. This ranged from 11.4%-24.8% across health-planning regions and increased to 26.6% in those with previous local therapy. Mean followup was 8.3 years. Patients with prior local therapy (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.59-2.17, p<0.001) and those in the highest income quintile (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.08-1.60, p=0.005) had increased odds of receiving IADT. Radiation oncologists were more likely to use IADT than urologists (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.59-2.50, p<0.001), as were physicians with more experience (>= 10 years in practice: OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.11-1.88, p=0.007). In specialty-stratified analyses, case volume was significantly associated with IADT for radiation oncologists (highest quartile: OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.14-2.62, p=0.009). Conclusions: IADT remains underutilized for patients with PC who >= 65 years of age with only 1 in 4 to 1 in 6 eligible patients receiving this form of care. Clinical, sociodemographic and physician characteristics play an important role in treatment selection.

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