摘要： Priapism is a clinical condition that rarely presents with leukemia in childhood. Management of priapism treatment can become more complex and difficult when accompanied by acute leukemia. We presented a 16 years old child with t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who developed priapism. Due to the failure of conservative methods and intracavernosal drainage, we performed epidural blockade which has limited data reported with successful results in the literature before shunt surgery. (C) 2021 Elsevier Inc.

摘要： In a recent paper, Smith and Matlis presented an interesting experiment about fluid oscillations in a drinking straw. They employed an approach using only Newton's second law, making it considerably simpler than the fluid mechanics-based solution given by a previous study. The paper offers an alternative approach--one using Lagrangian mechanics. It involves a modified form of the well-known Euler-Lagrange equation needed to accurately account for non-conservative forces and variable masses. Such is a pedagogically valuable as physics undergraduate students are generally less familiar with the modified forms.

摘要： Background Data are scarce from low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) to support the choice of vaccination schedule for the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV). We aimed to compare the immunogenicity of four different infant PCV10 schedules in infants in Vietnam. Methods In this single-blind, parallel-group, open-label, randomised controlled trial, infants aged 2 months were recruited by community health staff in districts 4 and 7 of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Eligible infants had no clinically significant maternal or prenatal history and were born at or after 36 weeks' gestation. Participants were randomly assigned (3:3:5:4:5:4) using block randomisation, stratified by district, to one of six PCV10 or PCV13 vaccination schedules. Here we report results for four groups: group A, who were given PCV10 at ages 2, 3, 4, and 9 months (a 3 + 1 schedule);group B, who were vaccinated at ages 2, 3, and 4 months (3 + 0 schedule);group C, who were vaccinated at ages 2, 4, and 9middot5 months (2 + 1 schedule);and group D, who were vaccinated at ages 2 and 6 months (two-dose schedule). Laboratory-based assessors were masked to group allocation. Blood samples were collected at different prespecified timepoints between ages 3-18 months depending on group allocation, within 27-43 days after vaccination, and these were analysed for serotype-specific IgG and opsonophagocytic responses. Participants were followed-up until age 24 months. The primary outcome was the proportion of infants with serotype-specific IgG levels of 0middot35 mu g/mL or higher at age 5 months, analysed as a non-inferiority comparison (10% margin) of the two-dose and three-dose primary series (group C vs groups A and B combined). We also compared responses 4 weeks after two doses administered at either ages 2 and 4 months (group C) or at ages 2 and 6 months (group D). The primary endpoint was analysed in the per-protocol population. Reactogenicity has been reported previously. This stud

关键词： cabbage   transcriptome   alternative splicing   single-molecule real-time sequencing  

摘要： Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L.) is an important vegetable crop cultivated around the world. Previous studies of cabbage gene transcripts were primarily based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology which cannot provide accurate information concerning transcript assembly and structure analysis. To overcome these issues and analyze the whole cabbage transcriptome at the isoform level, PacBio RS II Single-Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) sequencing technology was used for a global survey of the full-length transcriptomes of five cabbage tissue types (root, stem, leaf, flower, and silique). A total of 77,048 isoforms, capturing 18,183 annotated genes, were discovered from the sequencing data generated through SMRT. The patterns of both alternative splicing (AS) and alternative polyadenylation (APA) were comprehensively analyzed. In total, we detected 13,468 genes which had isoforms containing APA sites and 8978 genes which underwent AS events. Moreover, 5272 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were discovered, and most exhibited tissue-specific expression. In total, 3147 transcription factors (TFs) were detected and 10 significant gene co-expression network modules were identified. In addition, we found that Fusarium wilt, black rot and clubroot infection significantly influenced AS in resistant cabbage. In summary, this study provides abundant cabbage isoform transcriptome data, which promotes reannotation of the cabbage genome, deepens our understanding of their post-transcriptional regulation mechanisms, and can be used for future functional genomic research.

关键词： Hemoglobin   Chemical modifications   N-Terminal modifications   Mass spectrometry  

摘要： Proteins are continuously exposed to reactive chemical species owing to physiological and chemical stresses, resulting in various chemical modifications such as oxidation, nitration, glycation/glycoxidation, lipidation/lipoxidation, and adduct formation with drugs/chemicals. Hemoglobin (Hb) is the most abundant protein in blood (similar to 150 mg/mL) with a long half-life (turnover: 126 days). Hb is thus believed to be a major target of reactive chemical species and those modifications reflect biological events. Chemical modifications on Hb have been analyzed as N-terminal valine (Val) adducts by the Edman degradation reaction because Val is the N-terminal amino acid in both the alpha- and beta-subunits of Hb and is exposed on the surface of the protein. However, this strategy is limited to N-terminal alkylated Val and overlooks N-terminal acylated and deaminated Val. Here, we describe a proof-of-concept study to develop an alternative screening approach based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with peptide-specific constant neutral loss/precursor ion scanning to include all types of N-terminal modifications on Hb. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Alternative medicine   Complementary medicine   Acupuncture   Chiropractic   Homeopathy   Osteopathy   Citation analysis   Publication trends   Scopus  

摘要： Some complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) are frequently criticised for being based on faith rather than scientific evidence. Despite this, researchers, academic departments, and institutes teach and investigate them. This article assesses whether the scholarship produced by four CAMs is valued by the academic community in terms of citations, and whether the level of citations received might be detrimental to academic authors' careers. Based on an analysis of acupuncture, chiropractic, homeopathy, and osteopathy journal articles indexed in Scopus 1996-2020, the results show that the prevalence of the four areas vary substantially internationally, with acupuncture eclipsing the others in East Asia but homeopathy being more common in India and Brazil. The main broad fields publishing these specialties are Medicine, Nursing, Health Professions, Veterinary Science, and Neuroscience. Whilst the research tends to be cited at a below average rate in most broad fields (n = 27) and years (1996-2017), acupuncture, chiropractic, and homeopathy are exceptions in some broad fields, including some core areas. Thus, studying these alternative medicines may not always lead to research that tends to be ignored in academia, even if many scientists disparage it. As a corollary, citation analysis cannot be relied on to give low scores to widely disparaged areas of scholarship.

关键词： Urban distribution networks   Feeder concepts   Total costs   Technical limits   Reliability  

摘要： The paper considers various basic feeder schemes of urban distribution networks from the standpoint of economy, reliability, and technical limits. Presented are the mathematical models for the analysis of feeders' annual costs, reliability performances, voltage drops and cable loading in normal and critical emergency situations. The suggested approach takes into account the uncertainty of various basic data by modeling them as grey inputs, which can have any value within the intervals of values experienced in practice. It was implied that adequate statistical data for the construction of probability distribution functions for uncertain parameters are missing, which is often the case. The proposed mathematical model could serve as a useful tool in planning new or expanding existing distribution networks. As a numerical illustration, the presented calculation methods have been applied for the analysis of the performances of the considered feeder schemes in the Belgrade area.

摘要： (no summary available)