关键词： 视标   阅读   扫视   调节反应   调节微波动  

摘要： 目的: 分析受检者在阅读快速序列视觉呈现方式(RSVP)与其他不同类型视标进行实时调节反应及调节微波动测量差异。方法: 前瞻性研究。收集2019年4—10月期间在温州医科大学附属眼视光医院就诊的近视患者33例, 年龄15-28(22.1±4.8)岁, 等效球镜度(SE)为(-3.81±1.67)D。试验视标分为以下4类:RSVP、随机字符RSVP、马耳他视标和文本窗。每组视标试验时间为5 min, 使用Grand Seiko WAM-5500红外验光仪进行实时的调节反应、调节微波动的测量。使用单因素方差分析比较受检者阅读或者注视不同视标时调节参数的差异, 使用配对t检验比较试验初期10 s内与5 min内平均调节反应值的差异。结果: 5 min试验显示, 与RSVP、随机字符RSVP和文本窗比较, 马耳他视标调节反应最低, 差异均有统计学意义(t=2.45, P=0.016;t=2.57, P=0.011;t=3.85, P<0.001);注视马耳他视标时, 调节变异度大于阅读RSVP和文本窗, 差异均有统计学意义(t=4.32, P<0.001;t=2.93, P=0.04)。调节微波动能量分析显示, 与RSVP相比, 注视马耳他视标时低频区能量明显增高(t=30.32, P<0.001);与RSVP相比, 阅读文本窗时中频及高频区能量明显增高(t=32.41, P<0.001;t=38.26, P<0.001)。RSVP、随机字符RSVP及马耳他视标在最初10 s的调节反应均高于5 min内调节反应的均值(t=2.30, P=0.028;t=2.45, P=0.020;t=3.71, P=0.001)。结论: 阅读或注视不同类型的视标时, 人眼的调节反应及调节微波动存在差异。阅读或注视持续一段时间后, 调节反应会随着时间发生变化, 最初的测量结果无法完全代表持续阅读或者注视时的调节反应。

关键词： 王   意动用法   使动用法  

摘要： 《鸿门宴》是人教版高中语文教材必修一中的一篇重要文章,此文句式多样,对高一学生来说理解起来有一定难度。通过分析"先破秦入咸阳者王之"这个特殊句式,给初学者提供一种思路。

关键词： 盈余管理   其他综合收益   净利润  

摘要： 通过其他综合收益列报,企业的盈余管理行为得到一定的抑制作用。在其他综合收益中列报的项目大多具有公允价值计量或未实现损益的特征,而构成净利润的公允价值变动损益、信用减值损失、资产减值损失等多个项目同样具有类似的特征,却没有列入其他综合收益,并且这些项目通常更具有操纵利润的空间。文章从应对盈余管理的角度出发,通过梳理其他综合收益的相关理论,建议以损益的实现与否为标准,重构净利润和其他综合收益的列报项目。

关键词： robotic wrist   spherical wrist   nonspherical   offset wrist   singularity avoidance   algorithmic differentiation   power series expansion  

摘要： Adjusting the displacement path of a serial robot encountering the wrist singularity to pass either through the singularity or around it mitigates its adverse effects. Both such path adjustments are commonly called singularity avoidance and are applied here to either a spherical or an offset wrist. These adjustments avoid high joint rates that can occur at singularity encounter. A recent through-the singularity method limits joint rates and accelerations in the robot with either a spherical or offset wrist when conducting a constant rate of traversal of the tool manipulated by the robot. A kinematic model adding multiple virtual joints allows a modified high-order path-following algorithm to maintain accurate tool position while achieving an optimal level of tool deviation in orientation. Whereas a path reversal resulting from a turning-point type singularity had been revealed for an offset wrist over a finite range of close-approach, these conditions are met when connecting the isolated path segments. Procedures are developed here with this capability for an around-the-singularity path. Choosing between the through and around-singularity alternatives offers the overall optimum.

关键词： 监察监督   兼任监督   权限衔接   国民政府时期  

摘要： 国民政府时期监察院行使专任监督职权,而其他机构从不同层面分别兼任各种监督职权。如何实现监察监督与其他兼任监督之间的权限衔接,时贤对治权内部层面监察院与其他各院、治权与政权层面监察院与国民大会、政府与政党层面监察院与监察委员会、中央与地方层面监察院与地方机构之间的监督权衔接问题,提出了一系列的主张。对这些制度主张的梳理与分析,能为国家监督制度体系的进一步完善提供某些参考。

关键词： 小学科学   跨学科教学   教育资源   新课改   有机结合   学科联系   融合教学   学段  

摘要： 随着新课程标准的颁布和落实,在小学学科之间实行融合教学的呼声越来越高。而小学科学和其他学科之间存在着跨学科教学的优势条件,将其与各科有机结合,能方便教学,满足学生的学习与发展需求。本文主要围绕小学科学和其他学科的有机结合教学展开研讨。新课改中最重要的一点,就是实现学科间的融合,发挥学科的综合性,在各个学段的教学中,将不同的学科知识相互贯通,加强学科联系,培养学生的综合能力和综合素质,促进学生全面发展。

关键词： 小学英语   融合教学   教学模式  

摘要： 随着素质教育的不断发展,教育部越来越重视学科之间的联系,英语这门学科对于小学生而言十分重要,其不仅能够使学生满足人际交往的需求,同时也能够帮助学生获取其他学科的知识,提高学生的核心素养。因此教师在教学中要尊重学生的主体地位,在英语课堂中渗透其他学科的内容,使各个学科相互关联,提高学生学习英语的能力。鉴于此,本文从四个方面入手,对于小学英语与其他学科融合的教学策略进行了分析探究。

关键词： adeno-associated virus   complement   factor I   alternative pathway   immune modulation  

摘要： The complement system is a key component of innate immunity, but impaired regulation influences disease susceptibility, including age-related macular degeneration and some kidney diseases. While complete complement inhibition has been used successfully to treat acute kidney disease, key unresolved challenges include strategies to modulate rather than completely inhibit the system and to deliver therapy potentially over decades. Elevating concentrations of complement factor I (CFI) restricts complement activation in vitro and this approach was extended in the current study to modulate complement activation in vivo. Sustained increases in CFI levels were achieved using an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector to target the liver, inducing a 4- to 5-fold increase in circulating CFI levels. This led to decreased activity of the alternative pathway as demonstrated by a reduction in the rate of inactive C3b (iC3b) deposition and more rapid formation of C3 degradation products. In addition, vector application in a mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus (NZBWF1), where tissue injury is, in part, complement dependent, resulted in reduced complement C3 and IgG renal deposition. Collectively, these data demonstrate that sustained elevation of CFI reduces complement activation in vivo providing proof-of-principle support for the therapeutic application of AAV gene delivery to modulate complement activation.

关键词： Small modular reactor   SMR   Power cycle   Thermodynamic analysis   Cycle optimization   Transcritical cycle   Supercritical cycle   Rankine cycle   Ethanol   Supercritical carbon dioxide  

摘要： To combat safety concerns and poor economics, research and commercialization of new nuclear power plants has focused on the development of small modular reactors. NuScale Power has developed a small modular reactor design based on natural convection cooling inside the reactor core. The energy conversion is provided by a regenerative Rankine cycle. This comparative study provides a research review of alternative power cycles designs suited for small modular pressurized water reactors. The candidate cycles are analyzed for overall thermal efficiencies (1st law) and their primary exergy destruction sources. To compare with the baseline regenerative Rankine cycle, key design variables for each cycle are optimized using a penalty method. Results reveal that the two alternative cycles of regenerative reheat Rankine and transcritical ethanol have promise as potential alternative replacements. The regenerative reheat Rankine cycle would be the simplest cycle to integrate into the current small modular design due to being similar to the current regenerative Rankine cycle. Conversely, the transcritical ethanol cycle shows higher thermal efficiency but would requires more research to assess the viability through better understanding of its cycle design, component development and costs, and safety implications.

关键词： Lignopolymer   ADL-composites   Amino-derivatized lignin   Oxi-copolymerization   Peroxidase enzyme   Enhanced support   Lipase immobilization  

摘要： Amino-derivatized lignocomposite (ADL-composite) has been designed as an artificial lignin polymer (P1) of monolignol (coniferyl alcohol, CA) enhanced by aniline insertion (P2). The derivatized lignopolymeric (P2) layer covered the surface of a methacrylate particles (SC2/SC6) functionalized previously with amino phenolic crosslinker (p-phenylenediamine (p-Ph-2-NH2) or p-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid (p-NH2-SalA)). One-pot biocatalytic approach allowed to combine the preparation of the polymeric materials and also its attachment on the particles surface. Thus, the monolignol (CA) will be oxi-copolymerized together with aniline on the amino prefunctionalized support surface. The oxidation process was performed using H2O2 reagent and catalyzed by peroxidase enzyme (horseradish peroxidase, HRP). The biocatalytic process was evaluated in term of aromatic monomers (CA and aniline) conversion. The chemical structure and properties of the resulted ADL-composites were investigated using specific techniques (e.g. FTIR, TPD, TGA, static contact angle, elemental analysis, and gel permeation chromatography). Attachment of P1/P2 polymer on the particles improved the hydrophobicity and also the basicity of the composite surface. Lipase enzyme was immobilized on the ADL-composites for testing the applicability of ADL-composites for biocatalyst preparation. SEM analysis allowed to notice the modification of ADL-composites surface after enzyme immobilization. Immobilized lipase exhibited better activity compared with free lipase demonstrating the efficiency of ADL-composite as support for enzyme immobilization.