关键词： 微透析   活体取样   药学   其他领域   应用进展  

摘要： 微透析作为一门新兴的生物活体采样技术,具有活体连续取样、动态观察、定量分析、采样量小、组织损伤轻等优点。目前微透析技术多用于药学领域的药动学(PK)和药动学-药效学(PK-PD)研究方向,其可以直接有效地监测靶组织中内源性或外源性药物动态变化。本文对微透析技术在药学及其他领域中的应用和发展现状进行综述,以更全面的了解该技术。

关键词： 二传   北体女排   组织进攻  

摘要： 在当今世界排球比赛中,对抗性越来越强,二传是比赛中的灵魂,技战术水平主要取决于其竞技能力。本文以北体女排与前四强其他队伍二传传球组织进攻效果为研究对象,通过文献资料法、录像统计法、数据统计法以及对比分析法。研究表明:北体女排与前四强其他队伍二传相比,身高、体重、年龄相差不大,但网上高度占据一定优势。在组织进攻上,北体一传环节较稳定,二传垫调球较少,二传的进攻欲望较强,二次球能力突出。北体女排在3号位以及2号位区域组织进攻多,二传与队员默契程度很高,在组织战术方面比较灵活。女排与前四强其他队伍二传运动员相比,北体女排的反击一对一拦网较多,说明二传的传球组织能力有一定效果,防守反击质量较高,单人拦网的数据优于其他3名队伍。

关键词： 免疫治疗   免疫相关性胰腺炎   糖皮质激素   不良事件  

摘要： 目的探究免疫相关不良事件的临床特征及可能的机制。方法回顾性分析1例以腹痛为主要表现免疫相关胰腺炎患者的临床特征,检索国内外相关文献对免疫治疗后不良事件进行文献复习。结果根据患者临床表现及辅助检查,诊断为免疫相关性胰腺炎,予糖皮质激素冲击治疗并随诊观察,患者的临床症状及体征明显改善,无复发倾向。结论免疫相关性胰腺炎是罕见的免疫治疗不良事件,临床决策需积极评估免疫治疗的获益及风险。

关键词： Fillers   Mastic   Asphalt mixture   Flexible pavement   Jarosite (JS)   Industrial waste   Recycling  

摘要： Jarosite (JS) is an industrial solid waste obtained from zinc industries that plays an important role as a pollutant engendering soil and ground water contamination. The present research article has highlighted the use of JS as a filler material in pavement construction, thereby limiting its pernicious threat to the environment and promoting sustainable construction practices. This study compared the performance of asphalt mastics and mixes made with JS with their counterparts made with conventional materials (stone dust) and a widely used waste (fly ash) filler. A physical and chemical characterization of fillers was completed, and then the asphalt concrete mixes were designed at varied filler proportions (2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%). Subsequently, the asphalt mastics corresponding to various mixes were designed, and their rheological and morphological properties were assessed. Finally, the performance of asphalt mixes against various types of distress was analyzed along with their environmental suitability. The results highlighted that asphalt mixes containing JS exhibited paramount resistance against cracking, moisture sensitivity, and rutting. This result was mostly attributed to the high porosity, finer nature, high specific surface area, and high asphalt-filler interaction of JS. In addition to the superior engineering properties, the asphalt mixes containing JS were also found to exhibit satisfactory environmental suitability.

关键词： PM2.5   灰色关联度   攀枝花  

摘要： 为了研究攀枝花市PM2.5质量浓度变化特征及影响因素,根据2014-2019年攀枝花市环境空气质量数据,文章采用灰色关联分析法研究了PM2.5与其他环境空气质量参数之间的关系。结果表明,24小时内,在上下班高峰期,PM2.5浓度较大;PM2.5浓度在12月、11月、1月较高;攀枝花市近五年来PM2.5浓度表现为缓慢上升趋势,2019年略有下降;PM2.5季节变化特征,冬季浓度明显高于夏季。运用灰色关联度模型对空气质量各因素(PM2.5、SO_(2)、NO_(2)、CO、O_(3)-8、PM10)进行关联度计算,结果显示,PM10对PM2.5影响最大,SO_(2)、NO^(2)、CO与PM2.5均属于高关联,且与PM10、SO_(2)、NO_(2)、CO均呈正相关,与O_(3)-8呈负相关;攀枝花市PM2.5/PM10比值在0.5以上,PM2.5已成为攀枝花市主要污染物,且主要是受工业生产、汽车尾气排放及城市发展建设等的综合影响。

关键词： 钨材料   韧脆转变温度(DBTT)   四点弯曲试验(4PBT)   加载速率  

摘要： 针对聚变装置中钨材料的性能评价问题,采用四点弯曲试验(4PBT)方法对钨材料的韧脆转变温度(DBTT)进行了测试和分析。首先,基于对四点弯曲过程的应变率和强度随温度变化的分析获得了商用轧制纯钨的DBTT。结果表明,用标准四点弯曲法测得的工业轧制纯钨的DBTT值在150℃以下,低于相同材料的拉伸试验和冲击试验的测量值。然后对比不同加载速率的4PBT和拉伸试验的结果,证实了不同的DBTT测试方法的加载速率依赖性。最后,对测试方法影响DBTT测量的原因进行了分析和讨论。

关键词： Atmospheres   Dynamics   Composition   Jupiter   Atmosphere   Meteorology  

摘要： The 24 degrees N jet borders the North Tropical Belt and North Tropical Zone, and is the fastest prograde jet on Jupiter, reaching speeds above 170 m/s. In this region, observations have shown several periodic convective plumes, likely from latent heat release from water condensation, which affect the cloud and zonal wind structure of the jet. We model this region with the Explicit Planetary hybrid-Isentropic Coordinate model using its active microphysics scheme to study the phenomonology of water and ammonia clouds within the jet region. On perturbing the atmosphere, we find that an upper tropospheric wave develops that directly influences the cloud structure within the jet. This wave travels at a net (eastward) phase speed of similar to 75 m/s in our model, and leads to periodic chevron-shaped features in the ammonia cloud deck. These features travel with the wave speed, and are subsequently much slower than the zonal wind at the cloud deck. This unique morphology of the ammonia cloud, and the slower drift rate, were both observed following the convective outbreak in this region in 2016 and 2020. We find that an upper level circulation is responsible for these cloud features in the aftermath of the convective outbursts. The comparatively slower observed drift rates of these features, relative to the wind speed of the jet, provides constraints on the vertical wind shear above the cloud tops, and we suggest that wind velocities determined from cloud tracking should correspond to a different altitude compared to the 680 hPa pressure level. We also diagnose the convective potential of the atmosphere due to water condensation, and find that it is strongly coupled to the wave.

摘要： IntroductionLong-term Ulcerative Colitis (UC) increases the risk of colonic dysplasia and colorectal cancer (CRC). We aim to establish whether real-world faecal calprotectin (FCP) data can be used to estimate the cumulative inflammatory burden (CIB) and identify those at risk of dysplasia and *** with left sided or extensive UC of >8 yrs duration, with >1 endoscopy and >1 serial FCP value (from 2005) were extracted from the NHS Lothian IBD registry. Patients with PSC were *** scores based on histology (CIB(H)) or FCP (CIB(FCP)) were calculated based on the method proposed by Choi et al [1]. Patients were categorised into three groups; IBD-associated dysplasia and CRC (IBD-D/CRC n=15), only sporadic adenomas (n=29, excluded from further analysis) and patients who did not develop any type of dysplasia (n=220).To give a more accurate estimation of cumulative inflammation FCP levels were defined as low (n=73) or high (n=162). High CIB(FCP) is equivalent to 5 yrs of a continuous FCP value of ≥250µg/g, a surrogate marker of chronic active *** defined cohort of 264 patients (146 males), with a median age 36 (IQR 27.1-46.9) were *** the CIB(H) score, patients with no dysplasia (n=220) had a median score of 4.7 (IQR 2.7-7.9), compared with patients with IBD-D/CRC (n=15) who had a score of 5.4 (3.5-8.2) (p=0.4405, unpaired two-tailed t-test).The median CIB (FCP) score for patients with no dysplasia was 1804 (883-3689), compared with patients with IBD-D/CRC who had a median score of 2256 (1593-3848) (p=0.4835). The correlation between the two types of CIB scores in identifying risk of IBD-D/CRC was weak (Spearman’s rho=0.296 (p<0.001). In this cohort neither score was able to predict IBD-D/*** give a more accurate estimation of CIB(FCP) the rates of IBD-D/CRC were stratified by FCP levels over time; 73 patients (31.1%) had low CIB(FCP) and 162 (68.9%) had a high CIB(FCP). Using this model, 1/73 (1.4%) in the low CIB(FCP)

关键词： 腰痛   针刺   内热针   系统评价   Meta分析  

摘要： 目的运用循证医学方法评价内热针与其他针刺疗法治疗腰痛的疗效比较,评价内热针疗法的应用价值。方法从中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中国科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)、美国国家医学图书馆期刊文献检索系统(Pubmed)、中国生物医学文献服务系统(Sino Med)和万方资源数据库(Wanfang)检索了建库至2021年2月的内热针与其他针刺疗法治疗腰痛病的随机对照试验(RCT)。由2名研究人员根据纳入标准和排除标准独立对文献进行筛选、提取资料、交叉核对,并利用Cochrane系统评价手册评价文献质量并用Rev Man5.3软件制作文献质量评价图,以Stata16软件进行Meta分析。结果共采用14项研究,共计受试者1068例。Meta分析结果显示:有效率[OR=2.02,95%CI(1.47,2.57),P<0.01],视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS)[MD=-2.08,95%CI(-2.34,-1.81),P<0.01],日本骨科协会(JOA)腰椎评分[MD=5.46,95%CI(4.63,6.29),P<0.01],腰屈曲范围(LFR)[MD=1.78,95%CI(1.04,2.52),P<0.01]。结论内热针较毫针、温针与电针疗法能够明显减轻腰部疼痛,改善腰椎功能。但本研究纳入文献质量不高,治疗效果证据较为有限,尚需更多大样本、多中心、高质量临床随机对照研究以佐证。

关键词： 短波电台   远距离通信   干扰机   干扰路径   降低干扰   干扰源   排障   机载通信系统  

摘要： 机载短波电台容易对机上油量、火警、转速、温度等信号产生干扰,引发故障。排障过程中需要从干扰源、干扰路径、被干扰体等方面进行逐渐排除,降低干扰程度。为此,通过系统分析机载短波电台干扰机上其他系统因素和排除方法,总结排障措施,以提高排障效率。短波电台属于飞机机载通信系统产品的重要组成部分,主要用于空空/空地之间的远距离通信联络。某型俄制短波电台由于产品性能存在缺陷且使用年限较长,已不能满足远距离作训任务需求.