关键词： Road transportation   GHG emission Reduction   Cost-effectiveness analysis   Low-carbon policy   Mixed policy  

摘要： This study analyzed the greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction potential and cost of urban road transportation policies from a boarder perspective including tank-to-wheel (TTW) and well-to-wheel (WTW) assessments, with Chongqing in China taken as the case city. Three policies and two mixed policies, including improving the fuel economy of passenger cars, promoting electric vehicles (EVs), and promoting natural gas vehicles (NGVs), are analyzed in this study. The two groups of mixed policies are developed to analyze the interaction between the policies. The results indicate that all the policies will reduce TTW and WTW fuel consumption and GHG emissions from 2016 to 2035. During this period, promoting an NGV policy will have the smallest marginal abatement cost (MAC) but the smallest GHG reduction potential, and promoting an EV policy will have the largest MAC but the largest GHG reduction potential from TTW. However, considering the GHG emissions from upstream energy consumption, the GHG emission reduction from promoting the EV policy is reduced and that of improving the fuel economy via the motor vehicle policy will increase significantly, resulting in a larger MAC from WTW than from TTW. With the mixed policies, hedging effects impact fuel savings, GHG emission reductions, and MACs. We put forward some policy suggestions to provide a reference for the formulation and adjustment of China's urban road transportation policies to cost-effectively mitigate GHG emissions in the future.

关键词： Diss fibers   Boiled water treatment   Binder hydration   Compaction process   Micro-Analyses   Physico-mechanical properties  

摘要： The viability of using vegetable Ampelodesmos Mauritanicus (Diss) fibers to develop lightweight construction material was investigated in this paper. The objective of this work is to assess the physico-mechanical properties of Diss fibers reinforced concrete sample with fibers to binder volume ratio ranged from 0 (control specimen) to 4. In order to mitigate the inhibitory effect exerted by vegetable materials on binder hydration, Diss fibers were treated with hot water, while air lime-based binder has been selected to replace traditionally used cementitious binder. The most important part of this work is focused on the efficiency of using air lime-based binder to develop lightweight construction material containing Diss fibers. Air lime-based binder is the chosen variety of binder due to its abundance and low emissions from its manufacture. The experimental investigation of the chemical compatibility between treated fibers and binder through the hydration-test has shown the effectiveness of boiling water treatment on the modifications of morphological and mineralogical properties to overcome the inhibitory effect exerted when non-treated Diss fibers were used. The hardened specimen properties included dry density, porosity, compressive and flexural strengths, and elastic behavior have been studied. The results have indicated that despite a reduction in compressive strength, the reinforced specimen remains acceptable to be used in lightweight construction applications, as regards its compressive strength-value and lightening level. The flexural strength of reinforced specimen was found to be significantly enhanced. Depending on the amount of Diss fibers used in the mixture, it was found that the optimal addition of Diss fibers is in the range of 3 volumes content. The corresponding flexural strengthening rate has reached a value of 86.5 % higher, due to the several reinforcement mechanisms like the compaction process, Diss fiber bond reinforcement, and also the undi

关键词： RBFOX2   alternative polyadenylation   mitochondria   Slc25a4   Tropomyosin 1   nanopore sequencing   poly(A) sequencing  

摘要： RBFOX2, which has a well-established role in alternative splicing, is linked to heart diseases. However, it is unclear whether RBFOX2 has other roles in RNA processing that can influence gene expression in muscle cells, contributing to heart disease. Here, we employ both 3MODIFIER LETTER PRIME-end and nanopore cDNA sequencing to reveal a previously unrecognized role for RBFOX2 in maintaining alternative polyadenylation (APA) signatures in myoblasts. RBFOX2-mediated APA modulates mRNA levels and/or isoform expression of a collection of genes, including contractile and mitochondrial genes. Depletion of RBFOX2 adversely affects mitochondrial health in myoblasts, correlating with disrupted APA of mitochondrial gene Slc25a4. Mechanistically, RBFOX2 regulation of Slc25a4 APA is mediated through consensus RBFOX2 binding motifs near the distal polyadenylation site, enforcing the use of the proximal polyadenylation site. In sum, our results unveil a role for RBFOX2 in fine-tuning expression of mitochondrial and contractile genes via APA in myoblasts relevant to heart diseases.

关键词： Cloud manufacturing system   alternative process routing   consolidated production-distribution toward destination nodes strategy  

摘要： Cloud manufacturing as a new service-oriented business model transforms manufacturing resources into manufacturing services and manages them centrally via Cloud manufacturing platforms. Using distributed manufacturing resources is an opportunity to decrease the logistics and production costs by allocating tasks to manufacturing resources toward task destination nodes. Decomposing ordered tasks to several subtasks, allocating distributed manufacturing resources to tasks, scheduling manufacturing tasks, and select appropriate logistics strategies to deliver tasks to service providers are important activities that must be considered to improve the performance of a Cloud manufacturing system. This paper proposes a mathematical model to improve the performance of the Cloud manufacturing systems. To that end, task decomposition is implemented based on the alternative process routing concept. Decomposing each task to several manufacturing plans results in enhancing system flexibility and consequently improve the performance of cloud manufacturing. Besides, a consolidated production-distribution toward destination nodes strategy is employed to allocate and deliver tasks to manufacturing resources at minimum costs. The impacts of the alternative process routing concept and consolidated production-distribution toward destination nodes strategy are discussed by considering different scenarios and the capabilities of the proposed model have been demonstrated.

关键词： 通用语言   英语变体   全球化趋势   不断提升   关系探析   语言的发展   重视程度   重要性  

摘要： 随着全球化趋势的不断加深,英语作为世界范围内的通用语言之一,其重要性不断突出。但同时,伴随着全球经济的发展,世界各国对于自身国家语言的重视程度也在不断提升,这就使英语语言的发展与世界其他语言文化之间的关系变得更加复杂与微妙。如何正确理解英语变体与世界其他语言文化之间的关系,成为当前世界范围内语言发展的重要挑战和现实问题。

关键词： 政府会计制度   跨期结算   研究  

摘要： 2019年1月1日起,高等学校开始执行政府会计制度。高校会计日常核算主要包括人员经费核算和公用经费核算。其中,人员经费中在职职工工资薪金及其个人所得税、校外人员劳务报酬及其个人所得税业务是典型的跨期结算业务。政府会计制度要求实行财务会计与预算会计双分录,权责发生制与收付实现制双基础,对此类业务的明细核算也提出了更高的要求。本文以跨期结算业务为例,对其在会计核算过程中存在的问题进行探究,并提出改进建议,以强化高校日常会计核算。

关键词： 融合创新   区块链   人工智能   技术融合   中国联通   大数据   物联网   云计算  

摘要： 区块链要与其他技术做附加为了适应数字经济时代“跨域整合”新生产力的变化,重构“融合创新”的新生产关系,中国联通大力整合“云、大、物、智、链、安”(云计算、大数据、物联网、人工智能、区块链、安全)等能力,于2021年2月7日正式组建联通数字科技有限公司(以下简称“联通数科”)。

关键词： 黄褐斑   治疗   综合疗法   强脉冲光  

摘要： 黄褐斑病因复杂,目前治疗手段较多,但均无确切、满意的疗效。近年来,强脉冲光治疗黄褐斑取得了良好的疗效。本文综述近年来单用强脉冲光及联合激光、外用药和系统用药治疗黄褐斑取得的进展。

关键词： Treatment attrition   Treatment completion   Addiction   Substance use   Personality   Dimensional   Personality disorders   Risk factors  

摘要： Background: Among people receiving residential treatment for a substance use disorder (SUD), premature treatment termination predicts poor post-treatment outcomes. We examined the utility of the alternative model for personality disorders (AMPD) for predicting premature residential SUD treatment termination, including interactions with age and gender. Methods: Participants (N = 374) were receiving residential treatment for SUD and enrolled in a clinical trial with two conditions: Skills for Improving Distress Intolerance (SIDI) and Supportive Counseling (NCT01741415). Participants were assessed at intake on AMPD traits using the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) and tracked longitudinally. After establishing gender and age measurement invariance, we used competing risk models to predict treatment completion versus premature termination using interactions of PID-5 scores with age and gender. Findings: Disinhibition and Negative Emotionality domains and facets predicted premature treatment termination, particularly among younger, male participants. There were positive effects of SIDI on treatment completion for participants with high levels of domain and facet Negative Emotionality. A small proportion (approximate to 12 %) of the PID-5 items showed differential item functioning by age or gender;however, the aggregate impact on test-level total scores was negligible. Conclusions: Participants (particularly young men) displaying poor self-control and emotional regulation are at risk for premature termination. These findings, together with minimal aggregate differential item functioning at the scale level, suggest that the PID-5 is a practically useful, construct-valid, non-proprietary measure, aspects of which can be used for screening in residential SUD treatment. Furthermore, among those with high negative emotionality, SIDI may be effective in preventing premature treatment termination.

关键词： 日本脑炎   海外销售   辉瑞公司   默克公司   积极推动   疫苗   肺炎   疫情  

摘要： 新冠肺炎疫情使中国成为了全球最大的新冠疫苗出口国,主要面向买不到或买不起更有效的欧美疫苗的国家。现在,中国正利用这种新到来的影响力,积极推动向海外销售针对日本脑炎和肺炎等其他疾病的疫苗,以与辉瑞公司(Pfizer Inc.)和默克公司(Merck&Co.)等制药巨头一较高下。