关键词： 间接法   前清蛋白   年龄   性别   参考区间  

摘要： 目的采用间接法建立长春地区血清前清蛋白(prealbumin,PA)参考区间,并验证其适用性。方法调取2020年6月~11月吉林大学第一医院实验室信息系统中14003例健康体检者的PA检测结果。偏度-峰度检验分析数据正态性,杜奇法剔除离群值后入组13772例,其中男性7502例,女性6270例。根据性别、年龄将受检者分组(男女各6组:18~30岁,31~40岁,41~50岁,51~60岁,61~70岁和>70岁),Z检验比较组间差异,非参数方法计算参考区间。将获得的参考区间与国内其他地区参考区间进行比较并验证。结果男女PA差异有统计学意义(Z=77.48,Z*=22.72)。男性在70岁之后差异有统计学意义,其参考区间分别为230~400mg/L(18~70岁),190~340mg/L(>70岁)。女性无年龄差异,参考区间为190~320mg/L(18~89岁)。对建立的PA参考区间进行验证符合标准。结论长春地区健康成人血清PA参考区间存在性别和年龄差异。间接法建立参考区间简便可行,适于临床实验室推广和应用。

关键词： 耕地保护   实践探索   区域分异   策略优化  

摘要： 耕地资源是中国农村发展与农户赖以生存的基本要素。强化耕地保护是保证国家粮食安全,实践“藏粮于地、藏粮于技”战略的重要举措,也是推进农业高质量发展的必然要求。当代中国耕地保护历经经济发展与耕地数量矛盾调和的初步探索期、建设占用与耕地质量管护的制度发展期和新时代“三位一体”的转型完善期三个阶段。新时期耕地保护已取得阶段性成果,但仍面临着行为主体、技术环境、制度环境等方面的现实约束。鉴于此,应因地制宜从增强组织引导与技术培训、加强差别化耕地保护顶层设计、强化新技术研发与农技推广体系建设等方面探寻深入推进耕地保护的突破路径。

关键词： 医学考古学   中医学   体质人类学   现代科技  

摘要： 医学考古学作为一门新兴学问,具有多学科交叉的特点,并与相关学科有着密切的联系。医学考古学与考古学、中医学、医学史、体质人类学、生命科学等学科及现代科技的关系较为密切。探讨它们之间的关系,不但有助于推动医学考古学学科理论与方法体系的构建,也可能碰撞出与之相关新的研究方向或研究领域,促进其他交叉学科和综合学科的形成与发展。医学考古学的倡导不仅使相关学科朝着更深层次和更高水平迈进,而且使中国古代医学这一关系人民健康水平和生活质量的传统文化得以发扬,是认识古代医学、服务现代社会的有益尝试。

关键词： 新型冠状病毒肺炎   新型冠状病毒   营养肉汤培养法   病原菌  

摘要： 目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)患者并发感染时,将营养肉汤培养法应用于其他病原菌培养的可行性。方法收集2020年1—5月中山市第二人民医院收治的新冠肺炎并发感染患者的89份其他病原菌标本,分别使用营养肉汤微生物学培养法(营养肉汤培养组)与传统微生物学培养法(传统培养组)进行培养,比较两种培养方法检出细菌和真菌的阳性率差异以及检出的病原菌分布。结果标本来源主要为肺泡灌洗液、导管尖端、伤口分泌物等,细菌培养标本65份,真菌培养标本24份。营养肉汤培养组与传统培养组的细菌检出阳性率比较差异无统计学意义〔55.3%(36/65)比52.3%(348/65),P>0.05〕,一致性优(K=0.938);营养肉汤培养组与传统培养组的真菌检出阳性率比较差异亦无统计学意义〔58.3%(14/24)比50.0%(12/24),P>0.05〕,一致性优(K=0.834);营养肉汤培养组与传统培养组的细菌和真菌总检出阳性率比较差异无统计学意义〔56.2%(50/89)比51.7%(46/89),P>0.05〕,一致性优(K=0.910)。营养肉汤培养组和传统培养组检出率最高的病原菌为嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌〔分别为62.0%(31/50)、65.2%(30/46)〕、近光滑假丝酵母菌〔分别为18.0%(9/50)、17.4%(8/46)〕。结论营养肉汤培养法可在新冠肺炎初发时期和突发公共卫生事件的病原菌培养中使用,有助于降低检验人员培养其他病原菌时感染新冠肺炎的风险。

关键词： 无线网络   音频   TWS   耳机  

摘要： 近五年来,其他产品领域虽不似核心硬件那般技术更迭频繁,但也不乏扭转整个市场产品重心与格局的变化。在这一部分,我们将梳理无线网络与音频领域在近五年中各自最重要的技术进步与产品变革——Wi-Fi6与TWS耳机。

关键词： 莎士比亚全集   朱生豪   梁实秋   校订  

摘要： 自人民文学出版社1978年出版《莎士比亚全集》以来,先后有多套经校订的,以朱生豪译本为主的《莎士比亚全集》出版,其中包括译林出版社组织校订和补译的《莎士比亚全集》,以及由陈才宇校订和补译的《莎士比亚全集》等。译林版的《莎士比亚全集》在《终成眷属》一剧的校订中,译文中有些段落采用了梁实秋翻译《终成眷属》的文字。这就与两位杰出翻译家翻译《莎士比亚全集》的翻译思想与翻译理念有了很大的差距,因此莎学研究者和爱好者不可不察。

关键词： Biological invasions   Associated invaders   Melita palmata   Ficopomatus enigmaticus  

摘要： Understanding reproductive traits of invasive species and their modulation by different invaded habitats is crucial for monitoring invasive processes. The invasive ecosystem engineers (IEE) affect their habitat structure, generating cascading effects that may modulate their own or other species' reproductive traits. In this study, we aim to evaluate the reproductive activity of a nonindigenous species (NIS), the amphipod Melita palmata, in a SW Atlantic coastal lagoon whose habitat structure has been modified by the IEE (reef builder) Ficopomatus enigmaticus. Experiments showed that: (1) the frequency of M. palmata mate pairings (reproductive rate) is higher in reefs built by the IEE than in the facies formed by sediment and valves in reef-free areas (namely sediment);(2) the ratio of mate pairings relative to receptive available females (mate access ratio) is higher in sediment;(3) higher density of M. palmata increases its reproductive rate in both habitats, and (4) lower M. palmata density and reduced habitat structure enhance the mate access ratio. Results suggest that M. palmata reproduction is either density- or habitat-dependent at higher or lower population densities, respectively. This reproductive plasticity might contribute to the permanence of NIS in new systems, the recognition of new habitats, and counteract potential reproductive isolation.

关键词： Melanoma   Metastatectomy   3D laparoscopy   Skin cancer   Innovation   Minimally invasive surgery  

摘要： Recent advancements in adjuvant therapy have led to improved survival in metastatic melanoma. Despite this, patients can be left with residual metastases that may benefit from surgical resection. There may be difficulty in access to certain anatomical locations (i.e., the pelvis) with standard open surgical techniques. We aimed to investigate whether 3D laparoscopy can be a useful adjunct in this setting. Four consecutive patients with abdominopelvic metastatic melanoma are presented. All four patients previously had primary surgery for cutaneous melanoma of the lower limb and were receiving adjuvant therapy for metastatic disease. In all four patients, liver metastases resolved following interval PET-CT scanning but a single abdominopelvic metastasis showed no response to systemic therapy. All patients underwent resection of these metastases as a joint procedure with both a 3D laparoscopic surgeon and a melanoma surgeon. All pre-operatively identified residual metastases were completely excised using 3D laparoscopy. Interval PET-CT scanning at 6 weeks showed no evidence of metastatic disease (n = 4). Our Specialist Skin Cancer Multidisciplinary Team (SSMDT) has access to open, 3D laparoscopic, and robotic surgeries which we offer on an individualized basis to our patients with oligometastatic disease. Although we have no statistically significant quantitative data to support this, we believe that 3D laparoscopy is an important surgical adjunct which we can more flexibly and efficiently deploy versus robotic surgery, enabling patient to benefit from 3D optics with reduced propensity for delay. Further collaborative research is warranted to establish whether its use reduces morbidity and improves outcomes.

关键词： nonlinear index   cnoidal wave   two-level system  

摘要： We consider a cnoidal wave propagating in a two-level system, for which an exact analytic solution exists. Two effective components of the third-order nonlinearity chi((3)), describing Kerr effect and third harmonics generation, can be derived from it. Some discrepancy has been found with respect to the usual formalism of nonlinear susceptibilities. Numerical computation shows that the exact cnoidal wave solution the most accurately describes the nonlinear propagation of a quasi-monochromatic wave. Especially, the third harmonic resonance of the third-order nonlinearity, predicted by the formalism of nonlinear susceptibilities, is not observed.

关键词： Mimosa scabrella Bentham   Maillard reaction products   Prolonged storage   Spectroscopy   Heat  

摘要： Bracatinga (Mimosa scabrella Bentham) honeydew honey (BHH) is a peculiar Brazilian honey. It is produced only every 2 years, which raises concerns about its quality since it can be submitted to different storage conditions until a new harvest is carried out. Therefore, this study investigated the changes in the visible spectrophotometric profile (VSP) of BHH during its storage at room temperature over 24 months and 40 degrees C for 4 months. Our findings indicated a similar VSP between the BHH samples, but that varied according to the storage condition. These changes were associated with the formation of brown compounds, such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, which has a maximum limit established for honeys. Thereby, absorbance above 0.500 absorption units between 380 and 410 nm was proposed as indicative of BHH exposure to prolonged heating with significant loss of its quality. Still, a regression model for absorbance at 380 nm was proposed aiming to predict the BHH storage time at room temperature, since storage time longer than 20 months at average temperatures of 23.0 +/- 2.3 degrees C do not seem to be suitable for BHH. Thus, the VSP showed potential for monitoring BHH quality.