关键词： 五音集韵   异体字   构形特殊  

摘要： 构形特殊的异体字是指形成过程复杂,往往综合运用多种制字方法,同时又不好准确地归入异构或异写字类型的异体字.这类异体字表现在异构和异写同用,古今字形杂糅,制造的新字有的无法分析构形理据,有的构形理据隐晦,溯源颇费周折,可谓异体字中的"疑难字".文章就《五音集韵》中的13例异体字试作考辨,希望对整理字书和韵书文字有所裨益.

摘要： BACKGROUND: Frequently, existing therapies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) do not achieve complete remission of the disease and are commonly associated with adverse effects. Therefore, patients regularly turn to complementary or alternative medicine (CAM). International CAM use in IBD patients ranges from 21% to 60%. There are no reported statistics of CAM use in the Mexican population who suffer IBD. This study[spacing acute]s objective was to determine the prevalence and characterize the use of CAM in our IBD ***: Observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study in patients diagnosed with IBD belonging to our Institution's IBD center. The results were analyzed with measures of relative frequency, central tendency, and ***: A total of 52 patients with IBD (78% ulcerative colitis and 22% Crohn's disease) were included, 38.5% were exposed to CAM. A total of 27% used it as an aid in their IBD treatment. The remaining 11.5% used it for other reasons. Patients exposed to CAM for IBD averaged 51 +/- 19 years, 64% were female and 71% had at least an undergraduate degree. The most used CAMs were acupuncture (42.8%), herbal (35.7%) and homeopathy (35.7%). Half of the patients used concomitantly two or more modalities, and 91.6% of the patients knew their diagnosis at the time that CAM was being used. The median exposure time to CAM was 4.5 +/- 40.7 months. The main reasons for the use of CAM in IBD patients was as a complementary therapy in 58.3%, as the perception of lack of improvement was present in 33.3% of patients. Twenty-five percent of patients used CAM after a healthcare professional recommended it. CAM was used in 83.2% of patients with conventional treatment (Mesalamine: 74.6%, Mesalamine + Azathioprine: 8.3%) and only 16.5% were on biological therapy. A total of 58.3% CAM users perceived improvement in their symptoms. Currently 25% still use some modality of CAM. No statistically significant differences were found in sociode

关键词： X射线发生器   辐射安全   辐射防护   辐射源   国际原子能机构   监管机构   安全措施  

摘要： 国际原子能机构(IAEA)安全标准丛书***-55《用于检查目的和非医学人体成像的X射线发生器和其他辐射源的辐射安全》于2020年出版。全书110页,原文为英文。本安全导则为满足IAEA安全标准丛书*** Part 3的要求和其他有关安全要求出版物的要求,提供关于特定安全措施的建议,内容涉及用于检查目的和非医学人体成像的X射线发生器和其他类型辐射源的使用。为此目的,所提供的建议主要针对授权使用X射线发生器和其他类型辐射源的组织、以及辐射防护专家、辐射防护负责人和监管机构的工作人员。有关X射线发生器和辐射源的设计者和制造商对该出版物也有兴趣。

关键词： Carbon source   Glucanase   High-fructose syrup   Pichia pastoris   Waste carbohydrate  

摘要： Recycling waste carbon source for fermentation is of great interests and high practical value. However, the process suffered some problems like unclear carbohydrate composition, low nutrition content, presence of various contaminants and high cost for pretreatment. Currently, the high-fructose syrup (HFS) production industry in China generates a large amount of waste liquid containing miscellaneous waste carbohydrates (MWC), which has a notable environmental impact. To recycle MWC for Pichia pastoris fermentation, the composition of MWC was analyzed and the fermentation processes were optimized. The composition of MWC was determined as 802.3 g L-1 total carbohydrate, 480 g L-1 glucose, 92 g L-1 fructose, 103.6 g L-1 maltose, 36.8 g L-1 maltotriose and 89.9 g L-1 other oligosaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DPs 4-16). After the fermentation medium and conditions for pGAP/pAOX(1)-P. pastoris were optimized, MWC were employed as the alternative carbon source to culture the two strains to produce endo-beta-1,3-glucanase in 7-L bioreactors. Using MWC for pGAP-P. pastoris culture, the dry cell weight (DCW) and endo-beta-1,3-glucanase activity reached 69.1 g L-1 and 171.8 U mL(-1), respectively, which were the same levels as in the batch using glucose as the carbon source. When using MWC and the self-designed DO-Stat-Time feeding strategy for pAOX(1)-P. pastoris culture, the maximum DCW and enzyme activity reached 83.6 g L-1 and 212.3 U mL(-1), which improved 41.4% and 34.9%, respectively compared with the control group. This study established cleaner production procedures for both HFS and P. pastoris fermentation industries by considerably reducing environmental pollution and decreasing the production cost.

关键词： 孟子新注新译   导言   审句例   考察分布  

摘要： 考察分布,也即审句例,等于给词义挂上了标志牌——它虽然常通过归纳格式来进行,但更要运用语法知识。审句例是古代大师的法宝,在当今技术条件下,相对较为容易做到了。审句例的结果,汉儒的说法远较清儒之说为可信。最终结论,一依审句例的结果而定。不审句例,也就无法通过语言社会性的检验,不符合王引之所谓“揆之本文而协,验之他卷而通”。目前有两种常见的做法:择善而从;根据情理或义理逆推词义。后一种完全不可取,因为几乎不可能求得正确结论。我们的做法可归纳为“一个剥离与一根主轴”,但并未放弃任何以往的做法,只是区分了主次,并主张主次产生矛盾时应当放弃次要的。这一做法证明在传统文献内部解决古书中的疑难问题仍然大有可为;因为,不但审句例即考察分布所得结论是可重复可验证因而是确切可信的,而且古籍的辗转传抄所致变化适足以说明审句例的重要。

关键词： 个体命运   个体视角   当下意义   一以贯之   父辈  

摘要： 一在《建国大业》《建军大业》《建党伟业》完成系列国庆档的使命后,“我和我的”系列顺利接棒,成为近三年国庆档电影的话题中心,从“祖国”“家乡”到“父辈”,一以贯之地延续了国家建设发展和个体命运的紧密联系,无论从国家大背景下观照个人的命运,还是个体视角下展示国家建设的欣欣向荣,大时代穿梭中的人和事都因纵情投入而变得无悔、坚定和温暖。

关键词： 新型冠状病毒肺炎   呼吸道病原体   IgM   感染  

摘要： 目的分析十堰地区新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)核酸检测阳性患者合并其他呼吸道病原体感染情况。方法采用横断面研究,对2020年1-2月该院就诊的新冠肺炎疑似病例取鼻咽拭子、痰等标本经新型冠状病毒2019-nCOV核酸检测试剂盒检测,至少一次病毒核酸结果为阳性者为入选病例,采用9种呼吸道病原体IgM抗体检测试剂检测其血清中呼吸道病原体的检出情况。结果共检测118份2019-nCoV核酸检测阳性血清样本,其中55份样本检出9种呼吸道病原体IgM抗体,阳性检出率为46.6%;检出率前三的病原体依次为:肺炎支原体(MP)、乙型流感病毒、甲型流感病毒,与同时期该院检测的所有9种呼吸道病原体感染情况差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);≥60岁合并MP感染率最高,达44.4%;40~60岁合并INFB的感染率最高,达28.1%。结论2019-nCoV病毒感染者也会合并其他呼吸道病原体感染,在临床诊疗中要加以鉴别。

关键词： 氨纶   其他纤维   混合物   标准   对比  

摘要： 为了理解和执行GB/T 38015—2019,现从适用范围、引用规范、试验仪器、试验通则及试验方法等方面与旧标准FZ/T 01095—2002对比,论述新旧标准之间的差异,并提出相关建议。

关键词： 糖尿病   代谢性疾病   美国糖尿病协会年会  

摘要： 美国糖尿病协会(American Diabetes Association,ADA)第81届科学年会于2021年6月25至29日在线召开,本次大会主要涵盖了糖尿病急慢性并发症、行为医学、临床营养学、教育和运动、临床糖尿病/治疗、流行病学/遗传学、免疫学/移植、胰岛素作用/分子代谢、综合生理学/肥胖和胰岛生物学/胰岛素分泌等多个主题,内容涉及糖尿病及其他代谢性疾病的基础与临床研究等多个方面,现就该领域的学术进展要点进行概述。

关键词： 宣恩烟区   土壤   pH   土壤指标  

摘要： 为减缓宣恩烟区植烟土壤酸化的进程,对宣恩烟区酸化治理、平衡施肥以及优质烟叶生产提供科学依据,以宣恩烟区130个土壤为样本,研究土壤pH状况及与其他土壤指标的关系。结果表明,①宣恩烟区植烟土壤pH平均为5.52,变异系数为13.04%,烤烟生长适宜pH(5.51~7.00)的土壤样本占35.39%,酸性土壤(pH<5.50)的土壤样本占59.99%。②土壤pH与碱解氮、交换性钙、有效锰、有效硼、尿酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶呈极显著正相关,与有效磷、速效钾、交换性钠、有效铁、有效锌和酸性磷酸酶呈极显著负相关。③对土壤pH分组后,部分指标组间存在显著性差异。④宣恩烟区植烟土壤速效钾、有效铁和有效锌含量偏高,交换性镁、有效锰、有效铜和有效硼等中微量元素比较缺乏。⑤建立了与土壤pH关系最为密切指标的最小数据集,包括土壤有效铁、有效硼、交换性钙、有效锰、有效磷和脲酶等6项指标。针对宣恩烟区植烟土壤酸化的情况,采取石灰调酸,减施磷、钾肥,增施钙、镁、锰和硼肥等积极措施提高土壤pH。