摘要： ~~

关键词： 科技创新   政策比较   建议  

摘要： 文章对比梳理了衡阳、长沙、沈阳和德阳四个城市的科技创新政策,分析了衡阳与长沙、沈阳、德阳在科技创新政策方面的差距,从加强政策对标、完善市区两级科技政策体系、充分发挥工信部门引导作用和营造良好创新创业环境等4个方面对进一步完善衡阳科技创新政策体系提出了若干建议。

摘要： Purpose/Objective(s) We previously reported on dissatisfaction with conventional cancer treatment as a primary theme among online crowdfunding campaigns created for individuals seeking alternative cancer treatments. Here, we determine the impact of specific conventional cancer treatments, as well as cancer stage and cancer type, on dissatisfaction leading to the selection of alternative cancer treatments. Materials/Methods A cross-sectional mixed methods analysis of 778 online campaigns for people seeking financial assistance for alternative cancer treatments through GoFundMe between 2011 and 2019 were evaluated. Clinical and treatment data were extracted from the campaign descriptions. Motivational themes were identified using a rigorous process of thematic analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify significant associations between cancer type, cancer stage, and prior conventional cancer treatments including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormone and immunotherapy and dissatisfaction, defined by concerns that conventional treatment was ineffective, too expensive, or associated with intolerable side effects. Results Of the 778 campaigns analyzed, 68.3% (531) campaigns contained themes of dissatisfaction. Of those 531, 41.8% (222) reported having had surgery, 49.5% (263) reported having had chemotherapy, 28.6% (152) radiotherapy, 3.0% (16) hormone therapy, and 2.6% (14) immunotherapy. Significant independent predictors of dissatisfaction were prior use of chemotherapy (Odds Ratio [OR]: 1.93, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]:1.34-2.83) and having Stage IV cancer (OR: 2.29, 95% CI:1.65-3.20). No other therapies or cancer types were significantly associated with dissatisfaction. Conclusion Prior use of radiation therapy, surgery, hormone therapy, and immunotherapy were not independent predictors of dissatisfaction, nor were the individuals’ cancer types; however, chemotherapy was an independent predictor of dissatisfaction when controlling fo

关键词： 城市森林   地表臭氧污染   CO_(2)升高   氮沉降   干旱   复合胁迫  

摘要： 地表臭氧污染(O_(3))和气候变化加剧成为当今威胁城市森林可持续发展的关键环境要素.目前对于O_(3)单一因子对城市树木的影响研究已很难用于准确评估自然城市环境条件下由多种环境因子交互作用而产生的复杂生态效应.本文综述了O_(3)与二氧化碳(CO_(2))、干旱、氮(N)沉降和升温的两两交互以及三因子交互作用对中国城市树木生理生化和生长的影响,探讨了O_(3)与其他环境因子对树木的交互作用机制过程.CO_(2)升高在光合代谢、抗氧化系统以及生长发育等方面能一定程度缓解O_(3)升高对树木的负效应.O_(3)和干旱的交互影响存在复杂的作用过程,可能协同加重植物损伤,也可能拮抗减轻植物伤害,或者无交互效应.O_(3)和N沉降对树木无交互效应.增温和O_(3)对树木存在显著的交互作用,增温减缓了O_(3)对树木生长和光合作用的不利影响.最后,还提出了未来研究的发展方向,为我国应对未来气候变化和空气污染下的城市森林管理及可持续发展提供科学指导.

关键词： 思辨人格倾向   英语专业   其他文科专业   民办院校  

摘要： 本文采用问卷调查对比研究了民办院校英语专业学生与其他文科专业的思辨人格倾向。研究结果显示:就思辨人格倾向的总体情况来看,英语专业与其他文科专业学生之间存在显著差异,比文科类学生更为积极、正面。英语专业课程改革在即,提高学生的思辨能力,把思维训练纳入英语专业教学之中,同时教师接受思辨能力的培训,这样英语专业的学生才能有更大的竞争力。

关键词： 视标   阅读   扫视   调节反应   调节微波动  

摘要： 目的: 分析受检者在阅读快速序列视觉呈现方式(RSVP)与其他不同类型视标进行实时调节反应及调节微波动测量差异。方法: 前瞻性研究。收集2019年4—10月期间在温州医科大学附属眼视光医院就诊的近视患者33例, 年龄15-28(22.1±4.8)岁, 等效球镜度(SE)为(-3.81±1.67)D。试验视标分为以下4类:RSVP、随机字符RSVP、马耳他视标和文本窗。每组视标试验时间为5 min, 使用Grand Seiko WAM-5500红外验光仪进行实时的调节反应、调节微波动的测量。使用单因素方差分析比较受检者阅读或者注视不同视标时调节参数的差异, 使用配对t检验比较试验初期10 s内与5 min内平均调节反应值的差异。结果: 5 min试验显示, 与RSVP、随机字符RSVP和文本窗比较, 马耳他视标调节反应最低, 差异均有统计学意义(t=2.45, P=0.016;t=2.57, P=0.011;t=3.85, P<0.001);注视马耳他视标时, 调节变异度大于阅读RSVP和文本窗, 差异均有统计学意义(t=4.32, P<0.001;t=2.93, P=0.04)。调节微波动能量分析显示, 与RSVP相比, 注视马耳他视标时低频区能量明显增高(t=30.32, P<0.001);与RSVP相比, 阅读文本窗时中频及高频区能量明显增高(t=32.41, P<0.001;t=38.26, P<0.001)。RSVP、随机字符RSVP及马耳他视标在最初10 s的调节反应均高于5 min内调节反应的均值(t=2.30, P=0.028;t=2.45, P=0.020;t=3.71, P=0.001)。结论: 阅读或注视不同类型的视标时, 人眼的调节反应及调节微波动存在差异。阅读或注视持续一段时间后, 调节反应会随着时间发生变化, 最初的测量结果无法完全代表持续阅读或者注视时的调节反应。

关键词： “王”   意动用法   使动用法  

摘要： 《鸿门宴》是人教版高中语文教材必修一中的一篇重要文章,此文句式多样,对高一学生来说理解起来有一定难度。通过分析"先破秦入咸阳者王之"这个特殊句式,给初学者提供一种思路。

关键词： robotic wrist   spherical wrist   nonspherical   offset wrist   singularity avoidance   algorithmic differentiation   power series expansion  

摘要： Adjusting the displacement path of a serial robot encountering the wrist singularity to pass either through the singularity or around it mitigates its adverse effects. Both such path adjustments are commonly called singularity avoidance and are applied here to either a spherical or an offset wrist. These adjustments avoid high joint rates that can occur at singularity encounter. A recent through-the singularity method limits joint rates and accelerations in the robot with either a spherical or offset wrist when conducting a constant rate of traversal of the tool manipulated by the robot. A kinematic model adding multiple virtual joints allows a modified high-order path-following algorithm to maintain accurate tool position while achieving an optimal level of tool deviation in orientation. Whereas a path reversal resulting from a turning-point type singularity had been revealed for an offset wrist over a finite range of close-approach, these conditions are met when connecting the isolated path segments. Procedures are developed here with this capability for an around-the-singularity path. Choosing between the through and around-singularity alternatives offers the overall optimum.

关键词： 监察监督   兼任监督   权限衔接   国民政府时期  

摘要： 国民政府时期监察院行使专任监督职权,而其他机构从不同层面分别兼任各种监督职权。如何实现监察监督与其他兼任监督之间的权限衔接,时贤对治权内部层面监察院与其他各院、治权与政权层面监察院与国民大会、政府与政党层面监察院与监察委员会、中央与地方层面监察院与地方机构之间的监督权衔接问题,提出了一系列的主张。对这些制度主张的梳理与分析,能为国家监督制度体系的进一步完善提供某些参考。

关键词： 小学英语   融合教学   教学模式  

摘要： 随着素质教育的不断发展,教育部越来越重视学科之间的联系,英语这门学科对于小学生而言十分重要,其不仅能够使学生满足人际交往的需求,同时也能够帮助学生获取其他学科的知识,提高学生的核心素养。因此教师在教学中要尊重学生的主体地位,在英语课堂中渗透其他学科的内容,使各个学科相互关联,提高学生学习英语的能力。鉴于此,本文从四个方面入手,对于小学英语与其他学科融合的教学策略进行了分析探究。